مقايسه خصوصيات اندازشي-شمارشي و پارامترهاي زيستي ماهي كولي‌اروميه Alburnus atropatenae (Berg, 1925) در رودخانه‌هاي حوضه درياچه‌اروميه

Morphometric and meristic characters and biological parameters comparison of Urmia bleak Alburnus atropatenae (Berg, 1925) from rivers of Lake Urmia basin.

در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯿﺎت اﻧﺪازﺷﯽ و ﺷﻤﺎرﺷﯽ و ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي زﯾﺴﺘﯽ، ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي راﺑﻄﻪ ﻃﻮل-وزن و ﺷﺎﺧﺺ وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﻣﺎﻫﯽ ﺷﺎهﮐﻮﻟﯽ اروﻣﯿﻪ )A. atropatenae( در رودﺧﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﻬﺎﺑﺎدﭼﺎي، ﻗﻠﻌﻪﭼﺎي و ﮔﺪارﭼﺎي ﺣﻮﺿﻪ درﯾﺎﭼﻪ اروﻣﯿﻪ ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. در ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﺗﻌﺪاد 20 ﺻﻔﺖ اﻧﺪازﺷﯽ و 7 ﺻﻔﺖ ﺷﻤﺎرﺷﯽ اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮي و ﺷﻤﺎرش ﺷﺪ. آﻧﺎﻟﯿﺰ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﯾﮏﻃﺮﻓﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﻫﺮ ﯾﮏ از ﺻﻔﺎت ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺑﯿﻦ ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ درﮐﻠﯿﻪ ﺻﻔﺎت ﺑﻪ ﺟﺰ ﺻﻔﺎت ﻃﻮل اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد، ﻓﻮاﺻﻞ ﺷﮑﻤﯽ- ﺳﯿﻨﻪاي و ﺷﮑﻤﯽ- ﻣﺨﺮﺟﯽ، ﻃﻮل ﭘﯿﺶﭘﺸﺘﯽ و ﭘﺲﭘﺸﺘﯽ، ﻃﻮل ﺳﺮ و ﻗﻄﺮ ﭼﺸﻢ ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري ﺑﺎ ﯾﮑﺪﯾﮕﺮ داﺷﺘﻨﺪ. آﻧﺎﻟﯿﺰ ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎي اﺻﻠﯽ )PCA(، ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﮐﺎﻧﻮﻧﯽ )CVA( و ﺧﻮﺷﻪاي ) Cluster Analysis( ﺑﺎ اﯾﻦ ﺻﻔﺎت ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ CVA ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ ﮔﺪارﭼﺎي را ﺟﺪا از دو ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ دﯾﮕﺮ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ آﻧﺎﻟﯿﺰ ﺧﻮﺷﻪاي ﻧﯿﺰ اﯾﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ را ﺗﺄﯾﯿﺪ ﮐﺮد. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ در ﺻﻔﺎت ﺷﻤﺎرﺷﯽ، ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ در ﺻﻔﺎت ﺷﻌﺎعﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﺸﻌﺐ ﺑﺎﻟﻪ ﭘﺸﺘﯽ و ﻣﺨﺮﺟﯽ و ﺧﺎر آﺑﺸﺸﯽ ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦ ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري ﺑﺎ ﯾﮑﺪﯾﮕﺮ داﺷﺘﻨﺪ. ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ راﺑﻄﻪ ﻃﻮل- وزن و ﺷﺎﺧﺺ وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﻧﯿﺰ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از راﺑﻄﻪ ﻃﻮل-وزن ﻣﻘﺪار b ، 3/26 و 2/75 ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺷﺎﺧﺺوﺿﻌﯿﺖ 1/02 و 1/18 ﺑﻪﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﺮاي ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖﻫﺎي ﻣﻬﺎﺑﺎدﭼﺎي و ﻗﻠﻌﻪﭼﺎي ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺎﻻﺑﻮدن ﺷﺎﺧﺺ وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎً ﻣﻄﻠﻮب ﺑﺮاي زﯾﺴﺖ اﯾﻦ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ در زﯾﺴﺘﮕﺎهﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ.

This study was conducted to compare the morphometric and meristic characters and biological parameters including length-weight relationship parameters and condition factor comparison of Urmia bleak (Alburnus atropatenae) from Mahabad-Chaie, Ghale-Chaie and Gedar-Chaie rivers of Lake Urmia basin. A total of 20 morphometric and 7 meristic traits were measured. Morphometric data was standardized to eliminate the effects of allometric growth. One-way ANOVA analysis were used for comparison of traits. The results of morphometric data showed a significant differences in all traits except fork length, ventral- pectoral and ventral- anal distance, pre and post dorsal length, head length and eye diameter. PCA, CVA and Cluster analysis were performed with these traits. CVA showed that Gedar-Chaie population distinguished from other populations, confirming by Cluster analysis. Also, studied population in terms of meristic traits showed a significance differences in branched rays of dorsal and anal fins lower gill rakers. Also, length-weight (LWRs) parameters and condition factor were estimated. Based on the results, the b values was 3.26 and 2.75 also condition factor were calculated 1.02 and 1.18 for the Mahabad-Chaie and Ghale-Chaie populations, respectively. Higher condition factor reflects the relatively favorable condition of their habitat in the studied rivers.