پديد آورندگان :
محمدي، ميثم دانشگاه زنجان - گروه علوم باغباني , اعلائي، ميترا دانشگاه زنجان - گروه علوم باغباني , صيدي، مهدي دانشگاه ايلام - گروه علوم باغباني
كليدواژه :
پوترسين , تيمار موقت , تيمار دائم , محلولپاشي پس از برداشت , عمر گلجايي
چكيده فارسي :
ژرﺑﺮا ﻳﻜﻲ از ﮔﻞﻫﺎي ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﺑﺮﻳﺪه ﻣﻬﻢ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ دﻟﻴﻞ ﭘﮋﻣﺮدﮔﻲ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ و ﺧﻤﻴﺪﮔﻲ ﮔﺮدن ﻋﻤﺮ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﮔﺎري آن ﭘﺲ از ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ و ﻣﺎﻧﺪﮔﺎري ارﻗﺎم Stanza”" و ”Pink Elegance" ﮔﻞ ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﺑﺮﻳﺪه ژرﺑﺮا ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد ﭘﻮﺗﺮﺳﻴﻦ، ﭘﺲ از ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ، اﻳﻦ آزﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻓﺎﻛﺘﻮرﻳﻞ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﻃﺮح ﻛﺎﻣﻼً ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﻲ ﺑﺎ ﭼﻬﺎر ﺗﻜﺮار اﺟﺮا ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ. ﺗﻴﻤﺎرﻫﺎي آزﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺤﻠﻮلﭘﺎﺷﻲ در ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﭼﻬﺎر ﻣﻴﻠﻲﻣﻮﻻر، ﺗﻴﻤﺎر ﻣﻮﻗﺖ )ﭘﺎﻟﺲ( ﻫﺸﺖ ﻣﻴﻠﻲﻣﻮﻻر، ﺗﻴﻤﺎر داﺋﻢ )ﮔﻠﺠﺎﻳﻲ( دو ﻣﻴﻠﻲﻣﻮﻻر و ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﺻﻔﺎت ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻋﻤﺮ ﮔﻠﺠﺎﻳﻲ، وزن ﺗﺮ ﻧﺴﺒﻲ، ﺟﺬب ﻣﺤﻠﻮل، ﻣﻮاد ﺟﺎﻣﺪ ﻣﺤﻠﻮل)TSS(، ﻧﺸﺖ ﻳﻮﻧﻲ)EC(، ﻣﺎﻟﻮن دي آﻟﺪﺋﻴﺪ)MDA(، آﻧﺰﻳﻢ ﻛﺎﺗﺎﻻز)CAT( و آﻧﺰﻳﻢ ﻓﻨﻴﻞ آﻻﻧﻴﻦ آﻣﻮﻧﻴﺎﻟﻴﺎز)PAL( ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻛﻪ رﻗﻢ Stanza داراي ﻋﻤﺮ ﮔﻠﺠﺎﻳﻲ و ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺑﻬﺘﺮي ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ رﻗﻢ Pink Elegance ﭘﺲ از ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ ﺑﻮد. دراﻳﻦ آزﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺗﻤﺎم ﺗﻴﻤﺎرﻫﺎي ﭘﻮﺗﺮﺳﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻋﻤﺮ ﮔﻠﺠﺎﻳﻲ در ﻫﺮدو رﻗﻢ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ، ﺑﻄﻮرﻳﻜﻪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻋﻤﺮ ﮔﻠﺠﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﺗﻴﻤﺎر داﺋﻢ، ﺗﻴﻤﺎر ﻣﻮﻗﺖ و ﺗﻴﻤﺎر ﻣﺤﻠﻮلﭘﺎﺷﻲ ﺑﻮد. در ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻣﻮارد، ﺗﻤﺎم ﺗﻴﻤﺎرﻫﺎي ﭘﻮﺗﺮﺳﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺣﻔﻆ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﭘﺲ از ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ ﮔﻞﻫﺎي ژرﺑﺮا ﻃﻲ ﭼﻬﺎر و ﻫﺸﺖ روز ﻣﺎﻧﺪﮔﺎري ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺗﻴﻤﺎر داﺋﻢ ﭘﻮﺗﺮﺳﻴﻦ در ﻫﺮدو رﻗﻢ داراي وزن ﺗﺮ ﻧﺴﺒﻲ، ﺟﺬب ﻣﺤﻠﻮل ﮔﻠﺠﺎﻳﻲ، ﺑﺎزارﭘﺴﻨﺪي،CAT ،TSS و PAL ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ، EC و MDA ﻛﻤﺘﺮي ﺑﻮد. در ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺑﻮد ﻫﺮﭼﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ در ﺑﺮﺧﻲ ﻣﻮارد ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ CAT ،EC ،TSS و PAL ﺑﺎ ﺗﻴﻤﺎر ﻣﺤﻠﻮلﭘﺎﺷﻲ ﻓﺎﻗﺪ اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﻲدار ﺑﻮد. ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮرﻛﻠﻲ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﺗﻴﻤﺎر داﺋﻢ ﭘﻮﺗﺮﺳﻴﻦ 11 روز ﻋﻤﺮ ﮔﻠﺠﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺮاي رﻗﻢ Stanza و 10 روز ﻋﻤﺮ ﮔﻠﺠﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺮاي رﻗﻢ Pink Elegance( و در ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻪ ﺑﻌﺪي ﺗﻴﻤﺎر ﻣﻮﻗﺖ ﺑﻮد. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ اﻳﻦ آزﻣﺎﻳﺶ، اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺗﻴﻤﺎرﻫﺎي ﻓﻮق ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﻋﻤﺮ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﮔﺎري و ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﭘﺲ از ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ ارﻗﺎم Stanza و Pink Elegance ﮔﻞ ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﺑﺮﻳﺪه ژرﺑﺮا ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎد ﻣﻲﮔﺮدد.
چكيده لاتين :
Gerbera, one of the important cut flowers, is sensitive to early wilting and neck bending which reduce its postharvest vase life. Towards improving the quality and the vase life of “Stanza” and “Pink Elegance” cut flowers, this study was conducted using putrescine by using a factorial experiment in basic of completely randomized design with 4 replications. The treatments were included postharvest spraying with 4 mM of putrescine, pulse treatment with 8 mM putrescine, permanent solution (vase life solution) with 2 mM putrescine and control. The results showed that Stanza cultivar had a higher vase life index and better quality than Pink Elegance cultivar in postharvest. All putrescine treatments increased vase life in both cultivars; however, the highest vase life was related to permanent treatments, pulse treatment, spraying treatment respectively. In most cases, all treatments maintain the postharvest quality of Gerbera cut flowers for four and eight days. in both cultivars permanent treatment has more relative fresh weight, VSU, marketability, TSS, CAT, PAL, and less of EC and MDA. In contrast, control has the lowest quality although in some cases, such as TSS, EC, CAT and PAL, there was no significant difference with postharvest spraying treatment. The best result was obtained once permanent treatment of putrescine and pulse treatment were used.
