ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑﻴﺖ زﻳﺴﺘﮕﺎﻫﻲ ﺳﺮﺧﺲ آﺑﻲ Azolla filiculoides, Lam.)( در ﺑﺮﺧﻲ از اﻛﻮﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎي آﺑﻲ اﺳﺘﺎن ﮔﻴﻼن و ﻣﺎزﻧﺪران ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﺪل ﺧﻄﻲ ﺗﻌﻤﻴﻢ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ

Study of habitat suitability of water fern (Azolla filiculoides, Lam.) in some aquatic ecosystems of Guilan and Mazandaran provinces using generalized linear model

ﺳﺮﺧﺲ آﺑﻲ آزوﻻ Azolla filiculoides, Lam.)( ﻳﻜﻲ از ﺧﻄﺮﻧﺎك ﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﮔﻴﺎﻫﻲ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﻢ در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﻌﺘﺪﻟﻪ و ﮔﺮﻣﺴﻴﺮي ﺟﻬﺎن ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑﻴﺖ زﻳﺴﺘﮕﺎﻫﻲ آزوﻻ، 4 اﻳﺴﺘﮕﺎه ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ در اﺳﺘﺎنﻫﺎي ﮔﻴﻼن و ﻣﺎزﻧﺪران اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ. 15 ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻲ ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ و ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎري در ﻫﺮ اﻳﺴﺘﮕﺎه ﻫﻢ زﻣﺎن ﺑﺎ داده ﻫﺎي زﻳﺴﺘﻲ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس 24 ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺣﻀﻮر و 24 ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻋﺪم ﺣﻀﻮر آزوﻻ( ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻣﺎﻫﺎﻧﻪ در ﻃﻮل ﻳﻚ ﺳﺎل )1396 -1397 ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺮداري ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ آزﻣﻮن ﻣﻦ- وﻳﺘﻨﻲ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻏﻴﺮ از درﺟﻪ ﺣﺮارت آب وﻫﻮا، آﻣﻮﻧﻴﻮم و ﻛﺪورت )0/01< P ﺑﺮاي ﻫﻤﻪ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﻫﺎ(، در ﺑﻘﻴﻪ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﻫﺎ اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﻲ داري ﺑﻴﻦ ﺣﻀﻮر و ﻋﺪم ﺣﻀﻮر ﮔﻴﺎه آزوﻻ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ )ﺑﺮاي ﻫﻤﻪ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﻫﺎ 0/01< P(. ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ آزﻣﻮن ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ اﺻﻠﻲ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻛﻪ ﻋﻤﻖ آب، ﻓﺴﻔﺎت و ﻫﺪاﻳﺖ اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ ﺑﺘﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮﮔﺬارﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﻫﺎ در ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎي اول ﺗﺎ ﺳﻮم ﺑﻮده ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮري ﻛﻪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ را در ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﺎ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑﻴﺖ زﻳﺴﺘﮕﺎﻫﻲ آزوﻻ در اﻛﻮﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎ داﺷﺘﻨﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻣﺪل ﺧﻄﻲ ﺗﻌﻤﻴﻢ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻛﻪ اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﻲ داري ﺑﻴﻦ ﺣﻀﻮر و ﻋﺪم ﺣﻀﻮر آزوﻻ در اﻳﺴﺘﮕﺎه ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻤﺎم ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده در آﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ اﺻﻠﻲ وﺟﻮد ﺷﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ )0/01< P(.

Water fern (Azolla filiculoides) is one of the most dangerous invasive aquatic plant species in the temperate and tropical regions of the world. 4 different sites were selected in Guilan and Mazandaran provinces to examine the habitat suitability of Azolla. 15 physical, chemical and structural variables at each site were monthly sampled simultaneously with biological data (based on 24 presence instances and 24 absence instances of Azolla) during one year (2017-2018). The results of the Mann-Whitney test showed that except water and air temperature, ammonium and turbidity (p > 0.01 for all), a significant difference was observed between the presence and absence of Azolla and the remaining variables (p < 0.01 for all). The obtained results of the principal component analysis showed that water depth, phosphate and electric conductivity were the most influential factors in the first to third components, respectively so that they had the major effect on the habitat suitability of Azolla in the sampling sites. The results of generalized linear model showed that there was a significant difference between the presence and absence of Azolla in the sampling sites and all variables used in the principal component analysis (p < 0.01).