كليدواژه :
رﻳﺤﺎن , رﻧﮕﻴﺰهﻫﺎي ﻓﺘﻮﺳﻨﺘﺰي , ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ آﻧﺘﻲاﻛﺴﻴﺪاﻧﺘﻲ , ﻛﻠﺮﻳﺪ ﺳﺪﻳﻢ
چكيده فارسي :
رﻳﺤﺎن ﺑﺎ ﻧﺎم ﻋﻠﻤﻲ )Ocimum basilicum L.( ﻳﻜﻲ از ﮔﻴﺎﻫﺎن ﻣﻬﻢ ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻴﺮه ﻧﻌﻨﺎﺋﻴﺎن Lamiacea)( ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻌﻨﻮان ﮔﻴﺎه داروﻳـﻲ، ادوﻳﻪ اي و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﺼﻮرت ﺳﺒﺰي ﺗﺎزه ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﻣﻲ ﮔﻴﺮد. ﭘﻠﻴﻤﺮﻫﺎي ﺳﻮﭘﺮﺟﺎذب ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﺎﺗﻲ آﻟﻲ ﺑﻮده ﻛﻪ ﻗﺎدرﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ ﭼﻨﺪﻳﻦ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻳﺎ وزن ﺧﻮد آب ﺟﺬب ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﺑﺪون آن ﻛﻪ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻲ آﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻛﻨﺪ و اﺛﺮات ﻧﺎﺷﻲ از ﺗﻨﺶ را ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻲ دﻫﻨﺪ. ﻫﺪف از اﻳﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﻣﻮرﻓﻮﻓﻴﺰﻳﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻜﻲ و ﺑﻴﻮﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ رﻳﺤﺎن رﻗﻢ ﻛﺸﻜﻨﻲ ﻟﻮﻟﻮ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺷﻮري و ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد ﭘﻠﻴﻤﺮﻫﺎي ﺳﻮﭘﺮﺟﺎذب ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺑﺪﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر آزﻣﺎﻳﺸﻲ ﮔﻠﺪاﻧﻲ ﺑﺼﻮرت ﻓﺎﻛﺘﻮرﻳﻞ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﻃﺮح ﻛﺎﻣﻼً ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﻲ در ﮔﻠﺨﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺗﻲ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻓﺮدوﺳﻲ ﻣﺸﻬﺪ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﺗﻴﻤﺎرﻫﺎي آزﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ 4 ﺳﻄﺢ ﺷﻮري آب آﺑﻴﺎري )ﺻﻔﺮ، 40، 80 و 120ﻣﻴﻠﻲ ﻣﻮﻻر ﻛﻠﺮﻳﺪ ﺳﺪﻳﻢ( و 4 ﺳﻄﺢ ﭘﻠﻴﻤﺮﺳﻮﭘﺮﺟﺎذب )ﻋﺪم ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد، آﻛﻮازورب (Ackoasorb) ، ﺗﺮاﻛﻮﺗﻢ )(Terracottem و اﺳﺘﺎﻛﻮزورب (Stockosorb)( ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻛﻪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺰان ﺑﻴﻮﻣﺎس ﺗﺮ و ﺧﺸﻚ در ﻫﺮ دو ﭼﻴﻦ ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ در ﺗﻴﻤﺎر ﺑﺪون ﺷﻮري و ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد ﺗﺮاﻛﻮﺗﻢ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ. در ﭼﻴﻦ اول ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ در ﺷﻮري 120 ﻣﻴﻠﻲ ﻣﻮﻻر ﻣﺤﺘﻮاي ﻧﺴﺒﻲ آب ﺑﺮگ، ﻛﻠﺮوﻓﻴﻞ a،ﻛﻠﺮوﻓﻴﻞ b، ﻛﺎرﺗﻨﻮﺋﻴﺪ و ﻛﻠﺮوﻓﻴﻞ ﻛﻞ ﺑﻪﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد ﺗﺮاﻛﻮﺗﻢ 12/97، 29/48، 25/20، 17/24 و27/61 درﺻﺪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ و ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد اﺳﺘﺎﻛﻮزورب ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ آﻧﺘﻲ اﻛﺴﻴﺪاﻧﺘﻲ 18/45 درﺻﺪ، ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد ﺗﺮاﻛﻮﺗﻢ ﻓﻨﻞ ﻛﻞ 26/31 درﺻﺪ و ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد آﻛﻮازورب ﭘﺮوﻟﻴﻦ 50 درﺻﺪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ و در ﭼﻴﻦ دوم ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ در ﺷﻮري 80 ﻣﻴﻠﻲ ﻣﻮﻻر ﻛﻠﺮوﻓﻴﻞ a، ﻛﻠﺮوﻓﻴﻞ b، ﻛﺎرﺗﻨﻮﺋﻴﺪ و ﻛﻠﺮوﻓﻴﻞ ﻛﻞ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد ﺗﺮاﻛﻮﺗﻢ و ﻣﺤﺘﻮاي ﻧﺴﺒﻲ آّب ﺑﺮگ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد آﻛﻮازورب ﺑﺘﺮﺗﻴﺐ 22/58، 34/78، 24، 31 و 22/06 درﺻﺪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ و ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ آﻧﺘﻲ اﻛﺴﻴﺪاﻧﺘﻲ، ﻓﻨﻞ ﻛﻞ و ﭘﺮوﻟﻴﻦ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد ﺗﺮاﻛﻮﺗﻢ، ﻛﺮﺑﻮﻫﻴﺪرات ﻣﺤﻠﻮل ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد اﺳﺘﺎﻛﻮزورب و ﻧﺸﺖ اﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻟﻴﺖ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد آﻛﻮازورب ﺑﺘﺮﺗﻴﺐ 19/93، 7/81، 39/13، 44/77 و26/02 درﺻﺪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن دادﻧﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ اﻳﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻧﺸﺎن داد در ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺷﻮري ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد ﺳﻮﭘﺮﺟﺎذب ﻫﺎ ﺑﺨﺼﻮص ﺗﺮاﻛﻮﺗﻢ ﺗﻮاﻧﺴﺖ ﺻﻔﺎت ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ در اﻳﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ را ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﺑﺨﺸﻨﺪ.
چكيده لاتين :
In order to study the effect of three types of superabsorbent polymers on biochemical characteristics of basil cultivar Keshkeni luveluo under salinity stress, an pot experiment was conducted at the research greenhouse of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad as factorial based on completely randomized design with four levels of salinity (0, 40, 80 and 120 mM NaCl in irrigation water) and four levels of superabsorbent polymers included (control, Ackoasorb, Stockosorb and Terracottem) in three replications in 2017. In first harvesting time chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoid and total chlorophyll increased by using Terracottem 29.48, 25.20, 17.24 and 10.84 percent, respectively. At the same salinity, antioxidant activity decreased 18.25 percent with the use Stockosorb and total phenol decreased 26.31 percent by using Terracottem; proline decreased 50 percent by Ackoasorb and RWC increased 13 percent by Ackoasorb superabsorbent polymers application. In second harvesting time chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoid and total chlorophyll increased by using Terracottem 22.58, 34.78, 10.71 and 26.66 percent, respectively. RWC increased 22.06 percent by Ackoasorb superabsorbent polymers application. Antioxidant activity, total phenolic and proline content by using Terracottem and soluble carbohydrate with the use Stockosorb and electrolyte leakage by using Ackoasorb decreased 19.93, 7.81, 44.77, 39.13 and 26.02 percent, respevtively. The results of this study showed that Terracottem was more effective than the other supearabsorbents. So that the use of this super absorbent is recommended in salt stress condition.
