ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﺼﺮف ﻣﮑﻤﻞ ﮔﻠﻮﺗﺎﻣﯿﻦ ﺑﺮ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ اﯾﻤﻨﯽ ﭘﺲ از ﯾﮏ دوره ﻣﺴﺎﺑﻘﮥ ﺷﺒﯿﻪﺳﺎزيﺷﺪه در ﮐﺸﺘﯽﮔﯿﺮان ﻧﺨﺒﮥ ﺑﺰرﮔﺴﺎل ﮐﺸﻮر

The Effect of Glutamine Supplementation on Some Markers of Immune System after Stimulated Competitions in Adult Elite Wrestlers in Iran

ﻫﺪف ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﮑﻤﻞ ﮔﻠﻮﺗﺎﻣﯿﻦ ﺑﺮ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ اﯾﻤﻨﯽ ﭘﺲ از ﯾﮏ دوره ﻣﺴﺎﺑﻘﻪ ﺷﺒﯿﻪﺳﺎزيﺷﺪه در ﮐﺸﺘﯽﮔﯿﺮان ﻧﺨﺒﮥ ﺑﺰرﮔﺴﺎل ﺑﻮد. ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻧﯿﻤﻪﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ و ﺑﻪ ﻟﺤﺎظ ﻫﺪف ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي اﺳﺖ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﮥ آﻣﺎري ﮐﺸﺘﯽﮔﯿﺮان ﻧﺨﺒﮥ ﮐﺸﻮر ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ از ﺑﯿﻦ آﻧﻬﺎ 16 ﻧﻔﺮ داوﻃﻠﺒﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﺳﻦ 22/95 ﺳﺎل، ﻗﺪ 179/25 ﺳﺎﻧﺘﯽﻣﺘﺮ، وزن 86/22ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم و ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺗﻮدة ﺑﺪﻧﯽ 23/92 ﺑﻪ دو ﮔﺮوه )8= N( ﻣﮑﻤﻞ ﮔﻠﻮﺗﺎﻣﯿﻦ و ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. اﺑﺘﺪا از آزﻣﻮدﻧﯽﻫﺎ ﺧﻮنﮔﯿﺮي و اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮيﻫﺎي اوﻟﯿﻪ ﺑﻪﻋﻤﻞ آﻣﺪ. ﺳﭙﺲ ﻃﯽ اردوي ﺷﺶروزه ﻣﺒﺎدرت ﺑﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻨﺎت ﯾﮑﺴﺎن ﮐﺮدﻧﺪ و روزاﻧﻪ ﻣﻘﺪار 0/3 ﮔﺮم ﺑﻪ ازاي ﻫﺮ ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم وزن ﺑﺪن ﮔﻠﻮﺗﺎﻣﯿﻦ ﯾﺎ داروﻧﻤﺎ ﻣﺼﺮف ﮐﺮدﻧﺪ. در ﭘﺎﯾﺎن، ﮐﺸﺘﯽﮔﯿﺮان در ﻣﺤﻞ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ و ﭘﺲ از 5 ﻣﺴﺎﺑﻘﻪ در ﯾﮏ روز )ﻃﺒﻖ ﻗﻮاﻧﯿﻦ اﺗﺤﺎدﯾﮥ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﯽ ﮐﺸﺘﯽ(، ﺧﻮنﮔﯿﺮي ﻧﻬﺎﯾﯽ ﺻﻮرت ﭘﺬﯾﺮﻓﺖ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎي درونﮔﺮوﻫﯽ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از آزﻣﻮن T واﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮔﻠﺒﻮلﻫﺎي ﺳﻔﯿﺪ ﺧﻮن و ﻧﻮﺗﺮوﻓﯿﻞﻫﺎي ﻫﺮ دو ﮔﺮوه اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري دارد )0/05≤P(. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎي ﺑﯿﻦﮔﺮوﻫﯽ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از آزﻣﻮن T ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ در ﮔﺮوه ﻣﮑﻤﻞ ﮔﻠﻮﺗﺎﻣﯿﻦ ﺑﻪﻃﻮر ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري ﮐﻤﺘﺮ از ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل اﺳﺖ )0/016=P(. ﻟﻨﻔﻮﺳﯿﺖﻫﺎ و اﯾﻤﻮﻧﻮﮔﻠﻮﺑﻮﻟﯿﻦﻫﺎي A ﻧﯿﺰ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻏﯿﺮﻣﻌﻨﺎداري را درون ﮔﺮوه ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ ﮐﺮدهاﻧﺪ )0/05≤P( ﮐﻪ اﯾﻦ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺑﺎز در ﮔﺮوه ﻣﺼﺮفﮐﻨﻨﺪة ﻣﮑﻤﻞ ﮔﻠﻮﺗﺎﻣﯿﻦ ﺑﻪﻃﻮر ﻏﯿﺮﻣﻌﻨﺎداري ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﮐﻤﺘﺮ از ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ )0/487=Pو0/22=P(. ﻣﻘﺪار ﻣﻮﻧﻮﺳﯿﺖﻫﺎ ﻧﯿﺰ در ﻫﺮ دو ﮔﺮوه اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻏﯿﺮﻣﻌﻨﺎدار درونﮔﺮوﻫﯽ )0/05≤P( و ﺑﯿﻦﮔﺮوﻫﯽ )0/66=P( را داﺷﺘﻪاﻧﺪ. در ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ ﻣﯽﺗﻮان ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ ﻣﺼﺮف ﻣﮑﻤﻞ ﮔﻠﻮﺗﺎﻣﯿﻦ، ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮات ﺳﺮﮐﻮب ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ اﯾﻤﻨﯽ در ﻣﺴﺎﺑﻘﺎت ﮐﺸﺘﯽ را ﺗﻌﺪﯾﻞ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of glutamine supplementation on some immune system markers after stimulated competitions in adult elite wrestlers. This study was semi-experimental and applied in terms of aims. The statistical population consisted of Iran elite wrestlers and 16 volunteers were divided into glutamine and control groups (mean age 22.95 yrs, height 179.25 cm, weight 86.22 kg, BMI 23.92, 8 subjects each group). Firstly, blood samples were collected and baseline measurements were conducted. Then, the subjects had similar training and consumed glutamine or placebo (0.3 gr/kg of body weight daily) for 6 days. Finally, subjects attended the competition hall and participated in 5 competitions a day (in accordance with United World Wrestling) and their final blood samples were collected. The within-group findings using dependent t test showed that WBC and neutrophils significantly increased in both groups (P≤0.05). Intergroup findings using independent t test showed that the increase in glutamine group was significantly lower than the control group (P=0.016). Lymphocytes and immunoglobulin A insignificantly decreased within the group (P≤0.05) and this reduction was insignificantly much lower in glutamine group than the control group (P=0.22, P=0.487). Monocytes had insignificant within-group (P≤0.05) and intergroup (P=0.66) increases in both groups. It can be concluded that glutamine supplementation balanced the suppressive effects of immune system in wrestling competitions.