كليدواژه :
اهتمام , امور مسلمين , قاعدة فقهي , تربيت , تربيت اجتماعي
چكيده فارسي :
تربيت اجتماعي، از عرصه‌هاي مهم مسائل نوظهور فقهي در عصر حاضر است كه بيان حكم فقهي آن لازم و ضروري است. در اين ميان، قواعد فقهي اجتماعي _ از جمله اهتمام به امور مسلمين به مثابه قاعده فقهي تربيت اجتماعي _ نقش بسزايي در توانمندي علم فقه براي پاسخ‌گويي به مسائل نوظهور در هر عصري را دارد؛ طوري‌كه از طريق اين قاعده و قواعد فقهي ديگر، احكام فقهي اثبات مي‌شوند. از همين رو، تحليل، تدوين و تنظيم قواعد فقهي تربيتي، به‌خصوص با توجه به تأثير عنصر زمان و مكان در اجتهاد پويا براي كمك به استنباط حكم فقهي لازم و ضرورتي فقهي است.
اين پژوهش تلاشي در جهت بررسي روايات اهتمام به امور مسلمين به‌عنوان يك قاعده فقهي تربيت اجتماعي است. در اين تحقيق، روايات باب اهتمام و همچنين روايات متناسب با اين باب و برخي كلمات فقها جهت پاسخ به مسئله، مورد بحث و استناد واقع شده است. طبق مفاد ادله يادشده، مسئوليت اجتماعي به صورت عام و در خصوص تربيت اجتماعي در چهارچوب وظيفه حكومت، خانواده، عالمان و عموم جامعه به اثبات رسيده است.
چكيده لاتين :
The guidance of the ignorant involves a set of actions such as teaching, informing and warning, because sometimes the trainee has no knowledge of the divine injunction, in which case, if he is informed, he will come to know the injunction. Sometimes the trainee does not know, and knowledge is not achieved by making an announcement only; rather he needs education. Sometimes the trainee knows the ruling and the subject-matter, but he is unmindful or oblivious in which case he is reminded and it is only then that he remembers his duty and obligation. Guiding the ignorant as a training measure is obligatory in some cases and recommended in others, but the necessity guiding is contingent largely upon the probability of effect and no substantial harm to the mentor and educator. This article examines the jurisprudential point of view in this regard using inferential and analytical methods. In short, to highlight the most important results of the research at hand, it is necessary to state that in the views of the jurists, the necessity of guiding the ignorant to the hukm (injunction) depends on a number of conditions including the person being a duty-bound, necessity of the duty, and the ruling being of daily use to the duty-bound. As for guiding the ignorant to the subject, the jurists differ in their opinion in this regard. Some believe it is obligatory to guide the ignorant (al-ʿAllāma al-Ḥillī, 1401: 48) and others believe in the non-necessity of guiding such a person (al-ʿᾹmīlī, 1418: 2/579). Generally speaking, guiding the ignorant is preferable in the area of non-mandatory rulings and those rulings which are not of daily application.
