ناقص‌سازي جنسي زنان از منظر موازين حقوق بين الملل بشر

Examining the application of marriage laws in civil law with Imami jurisprudence, Sunni jurisprudence and Egyptian law

ناقص‌سازي جنسي زنان كه آسيب جسمي قابل توجهي به آنان وارد مي كند اغلب ريشه در فرهنگ و سنت مردمي دارد كه به آن مبادرت مي كنند. از منظر حقوق بين الملل بشر افراد محقّ هستند تا به باورهاي فرهنگي خود بپردازند. اما، اين اقدام به طور همزمان در مغايرت با برخي حق هاي بشري ازجمله حق بر سلامت، حق بر رهايي از تبعيض بر اساس جنسيت، حق بر توليدمثل و حق بر رهايي از شكنجه، رفتار ظالمانه و غيرانساني است. از اين رو، در حقوق بين الملل ناقص‌سازي جنسي زنان به عنوان شكنجه و يا رفتار غير انساني قلمداد مي شود كه حق پناهندگي براي قربانيان آن به رسميت شناخته شده است. همچنين، در اسناد بين المللي مرتبط دولت ها مكلف شده اند كه با انجام اقداماتي ازجمله جرم انگاري، تخصيص منابع مالي و افزايش آگاهي و آموزش افراد تلاش مقتضي خود را براي كاهش ناقص‌سازي جنسي زنان انجام دهند.

One of the instances in which the rights of the child are violated is the issue of marriage; Especially when a person is involved in precocious puberty and feels the need for early marriage;Many factors affect the puberty of girls, which is why a certain number of girls feel the need for early marriage earlier than their peers.The existence of such issues indicates the importance of this question; is the age of marriage for girls (13 years) specified in Article 1041 of the Civil Code, which is the same or in conflict with the views of Imami and Sunni jurists and Egyptian law?Article 1041 of the Civil Code restricts the marriage of girls to the age of 13 and makes marriage before this age subject to the permission of the guardian and at the discretion of the competent court.This article has shortcomings, especially in determining the age of marriage, which are not the same as the views of Imami jurists, Sunni jurists and Egyptian law.In this article, by descriptive method and analysis and using the available library resources, following the jurisprudential sources and analyzing different sayings in the field of marriage age, seeks to find the minimum appropriate age for marriage of girls, an age that for religious reasons and with Arabic be compataible.By examining and comparing the sayings of Imami jurists, Sunni jurists and Egyptian law, we come to the conclusion that the most appropriate age for marriage is when a person is physically .