كليدواژه :
مديريت شهري , اولويت‌بندي مخاطرات , تصميم‌گيري چند معياره , مشهد
چكيده فارسي :
مطالعه‌ي حاضر، در نظر دارد نشان دهد كه مي‌توان با استفاده از پيشرفت‌هاي دانش مديريت مخاطرات و با آمادگي قبلي به‌خصوص در بخش تشخيص و كنترل سريع مخاطرات، آسيب‌هاي ناشي از اين رخدادها را به ممكن رساند. اين بررسي از نوع كاربردي بوده و به روش توصيفي و تحليلي به انجام رسيده است. داده-هاي موردنياز از طريق پرسشنامه‌ي محقق‌ساخته و از 200 نفر از متخصصان حوزه‌ي مديريت شهري گرحداقلدآوري شد. داده‌هاي گردآوري‌شده از اين طريق با استفاده از آماره‌هاي توصيفي و استنباطي به كمك نرم‌افزار SPSS ارزيابي اوليه شده و در ادامه با بهره‌مندي از تكنيك اولويت‌بندي مخاطرات و روش تصميم‌گيري چندمعياره، عوامل تشديد و تعديل‌كننده‌ي مخاطرات شهري شناسايي گرديد. نتايج نشان داد كه 30 مخاطره در شهر مشهد امكان وقوع دارند كه از آن ميان، آلودگي هوا، آلودگي و كمبود آب شرب و بارندگي و آب‌گرفتگي سطح معابر، به ترتيب با امتياز 243، 216 و 193 در جايگاه اول تا سوم قرار دارند و با توجه به اين‌كه اين رخدادها ازنظر امكان وقوع و شدت، شرايط كاملاً متفاوتي داشته و در نظام مديريت مخاطرات شهري در چهار گروه اجتناب، انتقال، كنترل و پذيرش قرار مي‌گيرند، براي جلوگيري از بروز و يا تقليل خسارات ناشي از وقوع آن‌ها، 7 راهكار مختلف پيشنهاد شد. مطابق ارزيابي‌هاي مالي و اجرايي از ميان راهكارهاي پيشنهادي، توانمندسازي شهروندان و بهره‌مندي از عوامل و گزينه‌هاي جايگزين، بالاترين امتياز را به خود اختصاص دادند.
چكيده لاتين :
Today, risk management is an important part of the tasks of managers of organizations, institutions and geographical zones. This situation is more urgent in cities and for urban managers because cities are faced with different incidents due to concentration of resources and population, and urban managers seek to manage and control risk events in a way that minimizes damage and casualties. However, they usually do not achieve the desired results because of the numerous risks occurring in these zones, under the influence of different internal and external factors. However, most risk management research has been associated with the executive and economic projects, and its main purpose has been to prevent prolong processes, the increase of finished costs, waste of resources and position, and sometimes unfortunate events or loss of reputation. But with different events of recent years and the resulting financial damages and casualties, this has been on the agenda in cities. The sensitivity of these issues in urban areas is that any kind of risk that could lead to financial damages or casualties can lead to huge political as well as social crises that could cripple the sovereignty and political system. While this is considered quite common in the field of engineering and services, it has not yet been properly reflected in the urban and social contexts. Only experienced executives follow parts of the puzzle of systematic ways of identifying, analyzing, prioritizing and predicting urban risk mitigation measures relying on their own experiences. The process is intensified when there are major disasters and severe losses in which case little or no effect is observed despite high costs, because of hasty actions. This trend has also begun in Mashhad following the recent floods in Gonbad, Shiraz and Lorestan province. In fact, following these events, floods and rivers flooding that may not be of much importance in Mashhad have become the top priority for managers, with a great deal of costs spent in this regard. For this reason, the present study was conducted to systematically investigate the risk management conditions in this city and to determine the priorities while giving appropriate suggestions in this regard.
Research Methodology
