مطالعه آزمايشگاهي كاربرد موج فراصوت براي افزايش راندمان واحدهاي نمك زدايي مناطق نفت خيز جنوب

Experimental Study of Ultrasonic Wave Application to Increase the Efficiency of Desalination Units in South Oilfields

در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪ ﻧﻤﮏ زداﯾﯽ و ﺣﺬف آب از ﻧﻔﺖ ﺧﺎم ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻓﺮاﺻﻮت در ﻣﻘﯿﺎس آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﮕﺎﻫﯽ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. اﺛﺮ ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺎﺗﯽ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻗﺪرت ﺗﺎﺑﺶ و زﻣﺎن ﻓﺮاﺻﻮت ، دﻣﺎ و ﻣﯿ ﺰان ﺗﺰرﯾﻖ ﺗﻌﻠﯿﻖﺷﮑﻦ ﺑﺮ راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺣﺬف ﻧﻤﮏ و آب ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎر ﺑﺮدن اﻣﻮاج ﻓﺮاﺻﻮت ﻣﻘﺪار ﻧﻤﮏ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺧﺎم اﻫﻮاز 1 ﺑﺎ ﺗﺰرﯾﻖ ppm 40 ﺗﻌﻠﯿﻖ ﺷﮑﻦ از 471 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﻟﯿﺘﺮ ﺑﻪ 76/18 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﻟﯿﺘﺮ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ و ﻣﻘﺪار آب از 9/19 درﺻﺪ ﺑﻪ 1/1 درﺻﺪ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان ﻧﻤﮏ زداﯾﯽ 83/38% و ﻣﯿﺰان آﺑﮕ ﯿﺮي 88/03% ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ . ﻣﻘﺪار ﻧﻤﮏ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺧﺎم اﻫﻮاز 4 ﺑﺎ ﺗﺰر ﯾ ﻖ ppm 30 ﺗﻌﻠ ﯿ ﻖ ﺷﮑﻦ از 353 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﻟﯿﺘﺮ ﺑﻪ 49 /2 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﻟﯿﺘﺮ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ و ﻣﻘﺪار آب از 11/36 درﺻﺪ ﺑﻪ 2 درﺻﺪ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان ﻧﻤﮏ زداﯾﯽ 86 /06% و ﻣﯿﺰان آبﮔﯿﺮي 82/4% ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. اﯾﻦ ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﻫﺎ در ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﯾﻦ دﻣﺎي آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ، 80 درﺟﻪ ﺳﻠﺴﯿﻮس و ﻓﺮﮐﺎﻧﺲ 10 ﮐ ﯿﻠﻮ ﻫﺮﺗﺰ ﺑ ﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻘﺮ ﯾ ﺐ ﺑﺴ ﯿ ﺎر ﻧﺰد ﯾ ﮏ ﺑﻪ راﻧﺪﻣﺎن واﺣﺪ، ﻣﺼﺮف ﺗﻌ ﻠﯿ ﻖ ﺷﮑﻦ را ﺑﻪ ﻧﺼﻒ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ داد . در ﺷﺮ اﯾ ﻂ ﻋﻤ ﻠﯿ ﺎ ﺗﯽ دﻟﺨﻮاه ، ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣ ﯽ دﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺗﺎﺑﺶ ﻓﺮاﺻﻮت ﻣ ﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ در ﻧﻤﮏ زداﯾﯽ از ﻧﻔﺖ ﺧﺎم ﺑﺮ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣ ﯿ ﺰان ﻣﺼﺮف ﺗﻌ ﻠﯿ ﻖ ﺷﮑﻦ و اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ ي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ روش ﺗﺮﮐ ﯿﺒﯽ ﻓﺮاﺻﻮت و ﺗﻌﻠﯿﻖﺷﮑ بهترين روش به دنبال استفاده از تعليق شكن مي باشد.

In this research, the process of desalting and water removal from crude oil by ultrasonic laboratory scale has been investigated. The effect of main parameters including ultrasonic radiation parameters, the input power of radiation, and radiation time, as well as functional parameters such as temperature and injection rate of emulsion breaker, have been investigated on the removal efficiency of salt and water. The results showed that using ultrasonic waves, the amount of Ahwaz crude oil decreased by 40 ppm emulsion breaker from 471 mg/L to 76.18 mg / l, and water content decreased from 9.19% to 1.1%. The rate of desalinization was 83.38% and the rate of dehydration was 88.03%. The amount of Ahwaz 4 crude oil was reduced by injection of 30 ppm emulsion breaker from 353 mg/L to 49.2 mg/L, and water content decreased from 11.36% to 2%, with a desalting rate of 86.06% and a water abstraction of 82.4% have been. These results were obtained at the highest test temperature of 80 °C and 10 KHz, which, with a near approximation to unit efficiency, reduced the use of the demulsifier. In optimal operating conditions, the results show that ultrasonic radiation can be effective in reducing the desalination of crude oil by reducing the amount of emulsion breaker and increasing process efficiency. Also, the results of the research show that the combination method of ultrasound and emulsion breaker is the best way to use emulsion breaker.