زﯾﺴﺖ ﭘﺎﻻﯾﯽ ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮﯾﺎﯾﯽ آﻟﻮدﮔﯽ ﻫﺎي ﻧﻔﺘﯽ ﺧﺎك ﺳﻄﺤﯽ ﻣﺤﻮﻃﻪ ﭘﺎﻻﯾﺸﮕﺎه ﺗﺒﺮﯾﺰ

Bacterial Bioremediation of Surficial Oil- Contaminated Soil in Tabriz Refinery Campus

زﻣﯿﻨﻪ و ﻫﺪف: اﻣﺮوزه اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮي ﻫﺎ ﺑﺮاي ﭘﺎك ﺳﺎزي آﻟﻮدﮔﯽ ﻫﺎي ﻧﻔﺘﯽ از آب و ﺧﺎك ﻣﻮرد ﺗﻮﺟﻪ داﻧﺸﻤﻨﺪان ﻗﺮارﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. زﯾﺮا اﯾﻦ روش ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ روش ﻫﺎي دﯾﮕﺮ از ﻧﻈﺮ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﻣﻘﺮون ﺑﻪ ﺻﺮﻓﻪ ﺑﻮده و ﺑﺎﻋﺚ اﯾﺠﺎد ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﺎت ﺳﻤﯽ در ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﻧﻤﯽ ﺷﻮد. روش ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ: در ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪ زﯾﺴﺖ ﭘﺎﻻﯾﯽ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺟﺪاﯾﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮﯾﺎﯾﯽ ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ ﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﻣﻮاد ﻧﻔﺘﯽ در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﻓﯿﺰﯾﮑﻮ ﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ و ﺑﺎﻓﺘﯽ ﺧﺎك آﻟﻮده ﭘﺎﻻﯾﺸﮕﺎه ﺗﺒﺮﯾﺰ اراﯾﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮاي ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻧﺮخ ﺣﺬف ﻫﯿﺪروﮐﺮﺑﻦ ﻫﺎ از روش آﻧﺎﻟﯿﺰي ﮐﺮوﻣﺎﺗﻮﮔﺮاﻓﯽ ﮔﺎزي ﺑﺎ آﺷﮑﺎر ﺳﺎز ﮔﺮﻣﺎﯾﻮﻧﯽ )Gc-FID( اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ: در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ 7 ﺟﺪاﯾﻪ ي ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮﯾﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ از ﺧﺎك ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي ﺷﺪ و ﺟﺪاﯾﻪ اي از ﺳﻮدوﻣﻮﻧﺎس ﺑﺎ ﺑﯿﺶ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺑﺎزدﻫﯽ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﯽ ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺤﺚ و ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي: ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮي ﺳﻮدوﻣﻮﻧﺎس ﻣﯿﺰان ﻫﯿﺪروﮐﺮﺑﻦ ﻫﺎي ﻧﻔﺘﯽ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در ﺧﺎك را ﺑﻌﺪ از 30 روز ﺑﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان 65/25 درﺻﺪ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ داد در ﺣﺎﻟﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺟﺪاﯾﻪ اي از اﺳﯿﻨﺘﻮﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮ ﺗﻮاﻧﺴﺖ ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﻫﯿﺪروﮐﺮﺑﻦ ﻫﺎي ﻧﻔﺘﯽ را ﺑﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان 42/39 درﺻﺪ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ دﻫﺪ. ﺑﺎﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، روش زﯾﺴﺖ ﭘﺎﻻﯾﯽ ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮﯾﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﭘﺎك ﺳﺎزي ﻫﯿﺪروﮐﺮﺑﻦ ﻫﺎي ﻧﻔﺘﯽ در ﺧﺎك ﻫﺎي آﻟﻮده ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ ﺳﺎدﮔﯽ اﺟﺮا، ﺳﺎزﮔﺎري ﺑﺎ ﻣﺤﯿﻂ زﯾﺴﺖ، ﻣﻄﻤﺌﻦ، اﯾﻤﻦ و ﮐﻢ ﻫﺰﯾﻨﻪ ﺑﻮدن ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺠﺎم ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ در ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﭘﺎﻻﯾﺸﮕﺎه ﻫﺎي ﻧﻔﺘﯽ ﮐﺸﻮر ﻧﯿﺰ ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎد ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد.

Background and Objective: Nowadays, the use of bacteria to clean oil pollution from water and soil has been considered by scientists and this method is more economical than other methods and does not cause toxic compounds in the environment. Method: In the present study, the results of the bioremediation process have been presented to identify the most optimal bacterial isolates of petroleum degraders in physicochemical and textural conditions of contaminated soil of Tabriz refinery. Gas chromatographic analysis with thermal detection (Gc-FID) was used to evaluate the removal rate of hydrocarbons. Findings: The 7 isolates of bacteria were purified in this study. A Pseudomonas isolate was introduced as a strain with the highest efficiency. Discussion and Conclusion: After 30 days, as a result of Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter performance, the amount of TPH in contaminated soil samples was decreased in rate of 65.25 and 42.39 percent, respectively. Based on this investigation, the Bacterial Bioremediation method to clean up contaminated soils by petroleum hydrocarbons due to simplicity of implementation, environmentally friendly, safety and low cost is highly proposed to conduct in other oil refineries in Iran.