اولويت بندي مناطق مناسب استقرار صنايع مزاحم شهري با استفاده از تصميم گيري چندمعياره و برنامه ريزي رياضي (مطالعه موردي: شهرستان ازنا)

Suitable Site Priority to Establish of Urban Nuisance Industries Using Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis and Mathematical Programming Models

زﻣﯿﻨﻪ و ﻫﺪف: رﺷﺪ ﺳﺮﯾﻊ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ و ﻋﺪم ﺗﻮازن ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﺤﯿﻂ و ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﺷﻬﺮﻧﺸﯿﻨﯽ ﻣﺸﮑﻼت زﯾﺎدي را ﺑﻪ وﺟـﻮد آورده اﺳـﺖ. ﺑﺮﺧـﯽ از اﯾـﻦ ﻣﺸﮑﻼت ﻧﺎﺷﯽ از ﺻﻨﺎﯾﻊ و ﻣﺸﺎﻏﻞ ﻣﺰاﺣﻢ درون ﺷﻬﺮ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪﻃﻮر ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ و ﻏﯿﺮﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ ﺑﺮ ﮐﺎﻟﺒﺪ ﺷـﻬﺮي، ﻗﺸـﺮﺑﻨﺪي ﻫـﺎي اﺟﺘﻤـﺎﻋﯽ و زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪان ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﯽﮔﺬارﻧﺪ. ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺣﻔﻆ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ اﻧﺴﺎن و ﻣﺤﯿﻂزﯾﺴﺖ ﺷﻬﺮي، ﮐﻠﯿﻪ ﺻﻨﺎﯾﻊ ﻣﺰاﺣﻢ ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﮑﺎنﻫﺎي ﻣﺠﺎز اﻧﺘﻘـﺎل ﯾﺎﺑﻨﺪ. در اﯾﻦ راﺳﺘﺎ، اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﮑﺎن در ﺧﺎرج از ﻣﺤﺪوده ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺴﺂﻟﻪاي ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﻣﻬﻢ و ﭘﯿﭽﯿﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻧﯿـﺰ ﺑـﺎ ﻫـﺪف ﻣﮑﺎنﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺻﻨﺎﯾﻊ ﻣﺰاﺣﻢ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ازﻧﺎ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. روش ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ: در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﭘﺲ از اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﺳﺎزي ﻻﯾﻪﻫﺎ و ﺗﻬﯿﻪ ﻧﻘﺸﻪ ﻣﺤﺪودﯾﺖ از آنﻫﺎ، روش ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺐ ﺧﻄﯽ وزندار ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻠﻔﯿﻖ آنﻫـﺎ ﺑﮑﺎرﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﭘﻬﻨﻪ از روﯾﮑﺮد ﺷﺎﯾﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﻧﺎﺣﯿﻪاي ﺳﺮزﻣﯿﻦ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ و ﻧﻮاﺣﯽ داراي ارزشﻫﺎي ﺑـﺎﻻﺗﺮ از 200 و ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺖﻫﺎي ﺑﯿﺶﺗﺮ از 5 ﻫﮑﺘﺎر ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪ. در ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ 15 ﭘﻬﻨﻪ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ ﮐﻪ اوﻟﻮﯾﺖﺑﻨـﺪي آن ﻫـﺎ ﺑـﺎ اﺳـﺘﻔﺎده از ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣـﻪ رﺑـﺰي رﯾﺎﺿﯽ و 5 ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ از ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﺷﻬﺮ، ﺟﺎده، ﻧﺰدﯾﮏﺗﺮﯾﻦ روﺳﺘﺎ، ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺖ ﭘﻬﻨﻪﻫﺎ و ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ارزش ﺷﺎﯾﺴﺘﮕﯽﻫﺎ اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از اوﻟﻮﯾﺖﺑﻨﺪي ﭘﻬﻨﻪﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﭘﻬﻨﻪﻫﺎي ﺷﻤﺎره 10 و 2 ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﮑﺎن ﺟﻬﺖ اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﺻﻨﺎﯾﻊ ﻣﺰاﺣﻢ ﺷﻬﺮي ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. ﺑﺤﺚ و ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮي: اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺻﺮﻓﺎ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﭘﻬﻨﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﺻﻨﺎﯾﻊ ﮐﺎﻓﯽ ﻧﯿﺴﺖ، ﺑﻠﮑﻪ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﭘﻬﻨﻪ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ اوﻟﻮﯾﺖﺑﻨﺪي ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﭘﻬﻨﻪﻫﺎ از اﻫﻤﯿﺖ وﯾﮋهاي ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﻣﺪﯾﺮان را در اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﭘﻬﻨﻪ ﯾﺎري ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺪ..

Background and Objective: Rapid and heterogeneous urban growth and also imbalance between urban environment and urbanism culture have caused many problems. Some of these problems that caused by occupations and urban industries affected on urban fabric, social stratification and citizen life directly and indirectly. In order to protect human health and urban environment all of the disturbing industries should be transmitted on suitable sites. In this regard, choosing the best site in the urban landscape is a very important issue. Indeed, this study is done to select suitable site for Azna nuisance industries. Method: In this research, after standardizing the layers and preparing the constraint maps, the weighted linear composition method was used to combine them. In order to determine the most suitable area, the competency approach of land areas was used and all patches with values higher than 200 and further than 5 hectares were identified. Finally, 15 zones were obtained, which were prioritized using mathematical programming and 5 factors of distance from the city center, road, nearest village, area of zones and average value of competencies. Finding: The results showed that the 10th and 2nd patches are most suitable site to establish urban nuisance industries respectively. Discussion and Conclusion: Overall, it can be concluded that simply determining the appropriate zones is not enough to transfer industries, but determining the best zone and also prioritizing other zones is of special importance that can help managers in choosing the most appropriate zone