تنوع زيستي سه جدايه ايراني ريزجلبك Dunaliella و پتانسيل بالقوه آنها براي كاربردهاي بيوتكنولوژيكي

زﻣﯿﻨﻪ و ﻫﺪف: ﮐﺸﻮر اﯾﺮان زﯾﺴﺘﮕﺎه ﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﻨﻮﻋﯽ ﺑﺮاي رﯾﺰﺟﻠﺒﮏ ﺷﻮرزي Dunaliella در درﯾﺎﭼﻪ ﻫﺎ و ﺗﺎﻻبﻫﺎي ﺷﻮر ﺧﻮد دارد. ﺗﺎ ﮐﻨﻮن ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﻣﺤﺪودي در زﻣﯿﻨﻪ رﻓﺘﺎر ﻓﯿﺰﯾﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮑﯽ ﺟﺪاﯾﻪﻫﺎي ﺑﻮﻣﯽ اﯾﺮان از ﺟﻨﺲ Dunaliella، در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺷﺪت ﻧﻮر و ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻧﻤﮏ ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ، روش ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ: ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﯾﻞ ﺳﻪ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﯽ ﺑﺎ دو ﺳﻄﺢ ﻧﻮر )25 و 500 ﻣﯿﮑﺮوﻣﻮل ﻓﻮﺗﻮن ﺑﺮ ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﺑﺮ ﺛﺎﻧﯿﻪ(، ﺳﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺷﻮري )3 ،2 و 4 ﻣﻮﻻر ﻧﻤﮏ NaCl(و ﭼﻬﺎر ﺟﺪاﯾﻪ )G28 ،M1 ،SH1 و CCAP19/18( در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﮐﺎﻣﻼ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار اﺟﺮا ﺷﺪ. ﺟﺪاﯾﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ از ﺑﻨﺪر ﺷﺮﻓﺨﺎﻧﻪ درﯾﺎﭼﻪ اروﻣﯿﻪ )SH1(، ﻣﻬﺎرﻟﻮ )M1( و ﺗﺎﻻب ﮔﺎوﺧﻮﻧﯽ )G28( اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺟﺪاﯾﻪ ﻏﯿﺮ ﺑﻮﻣﯽ و اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد CCAP19/18 ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ رﻓﺘﺎر ﺟﺪاﯾﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺑﻮﻣﯽ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ رﻓﺘﺎر ﻓﯿﺰﯾﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ رﯾﺰﺟﻠﺒﮏ ﻧﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ، ﺑﻠﮑﻪ ﺑﻪ وﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﻫﺎي ژﻧﺘﯿﮑﯽ و ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﯿﻞ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻮﻟﯿﺴﻤﯽ رﯾﺰﺟﻠﺒﮏ ﻣﺬﮐﻮر ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺟﺪاﯾﻪ ﺷﺮﻓﺨﺎﻧﻪ در ﻧﻮر 25 ﻣﯿﮑﺮوﻣﻮلﻓﻮﺗﻮنﺑﺮﻣﺮﺑﻊﺑﺮﺛﺎﻧﯿﻪ و ﺷﻮري 3 ﻣﻮﻻر ﺑﯿﺶﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺳﻠﻮل در واﺣﺪ ﺣﺠﻢ و ﻣﺤﺘﻮي ﮐﻠﺮوﻓﯿﻞ ﮐﻞ در ﻫﺮ ﺳﻠﻮل را ﻧﺸﺎن داد. در ﺣﺎﻟﯽﮐﻪ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﺤﺘﻮي ﮐﺎروﺗﻨﻮﯾﯿﺪ در ﺟﺪاﯾﻪ ﻣﻬﺎرﻟﻮ در ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺷﻮري 3 ﻣﻮﻻر ﻧﻤﮏ و ﺗﺤﺖ ﻧﻮر 25 ﻣﯿﮑﺮوﻣﻮلﻓﻮﺗﻮنﺑﺮﻣﺘﺮﻣﺮﺑﻊﺑﺮﺛﺎﻧﯿﻪ اﻧﺪازه ﮔﯿﺮي ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺤﺚ و ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮي: ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎد ﮐﺮدﮐﻪ اﻟﻒ( ﺟﺪاﯾﻪ اروﻣﯿﻪ )SH1( اﺳﺘﻌﺪاد رﺷﺪ و ﺗﮑﺜﯿﺮ ﺑﺎﻻﯾﯽ داﺷﺘﻪ و ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ زﯾﺴﺖ ﺗﻮده ﺑﺎﻻ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ اﺳﺖ ب( ﺟﺪاﯾﻪ ﻫﺎي درﯾﺎﭼﻪ ﻫﺎي اروﻣﯿﻪ )SH1( و ﻣﻬﺎرﻟﻮ )M1( ﺑﺮاي اﺳﺘﺤﺼﺎل ﮐﻠﺮوﻓﯿﻞ و ﮐﺎروﺗﻨﻮﯾﯿﺪ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐﺗﺮﻧﺪ. ج( اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺟﺪاﯾﻪ ﻣﻬﺎرﻟﻮ )M1( در ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﻓﺘﻮﺳﻨﺘﺰي ﻣﻨﻄﻘﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﯽ رﺳﺪ.

Background and Objective: Iran has various habitats in lakes and wetlands for microalgae Dunaliella. There are limited researches on the physiological behavior of Iranian Dunaliella in different environments including light intensity and salt concentration. Method: The experiment was done based on completely randomized design with three replications and three factorials including two light levels (25 and 500 µmol photon m-2s-1), three salinity levels (2, 3 and 4 M NaCl) and three isolates (SH1, M1, G28) and CCAP19/18 strain. The isolates SH1, M1 and G28 were selected from Urmia Lake, Maharloo Lake and Gavkhoni wetlands, respectively. A non-native and standard strain, CCAP19/18, was used to compare the behavior of the native isolates. Findings: The results showed that microalgae physiological behavior affected not only by environmental factors but also by genetic characteristics and the metabolic potential of microalgae. Under 25 µmol photon m-2s-1 and 3 M NaCl condition, Urmia isolate (SH1) had high cell number and chlorophyll content. However, Maharloo isolate (M1) was showed high carotenoids contents under above mentioned condition. Discussion and Conclusions : The results are showing that: a) isolate with Urmia lake origin (SH1) has good potential for high growth and reproduction and it is the proper candidate for high biomass production.With measuring traits such as growth and cell number, content and photosynthetic pigment ratios may suggest that b) isolates with Urmia (SH1) and Maharloo (M1) lakes origin are suitable for the extraction of chlorophyll and carotenoids and c) it seems reasonable to expect that the Maharloo isolate (M1) is proper for photosynthetic studies.