شناسايي باكتريهاي بومي خاك هاي آلوده به تركيبات نفتي در منطقه ويژه اقتصادي پتروشيمي ماهشهر

Identification of Native Bacteria of Soil Contaminated with Oil Compounds in Mahshahr Petrochemical Special Economic Zone

زﻣﯿﻨﻪ و ﻫﺪف : ﮔﺴﺘﺮش آﻟﻮدﮔﯽ ﻫﺎي ﻧﻔﺘﯽ ﺧﺎك در ﻋﺼﺮ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻫﺎي ﻓﺴﯿﻠﯽ در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ اﺛﺮات ﻧﺎﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑﯽ ﺑﺮ اﻧﺴﺎن و ﻣﺤﯿﻂ زﯾﺴﺖ داﺷﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮي ﻫﺎي ﺑﻮﻣﯽ ﮐﻪ از ﺧﺎك ﻫﺎي آﻟﻮده ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﺎت ﻧﻔﺘﯽ ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ، ﺗﺎ در ﺟﻬﺖ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﺎت آﻻﯾﻨﺪه ﻫﯿﺪروﮐﺮﺑﻨﯽ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎر ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ روش ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ: اﺑﺘﺪا ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ و ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮي ﻫﺎي ﺑﻮﻣﯽ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ، ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺮداري از ﺧﺎك ﻫﺎي آﻟﻮده ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﺎت ﻧﻔﺘﯽ در ﺷﺶ اﯾﺴﺘﮕﺎه واﻗﻊ در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ وﯾﮋه اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﭘﺘﺮوﺷﯿﻤﯽ ﻣﺎﻫﺸﻬﺮ اﻧﺠﺎم ﯾﺎﻓﺖ. رﺷﺪ ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮي ﻫﺎ در ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﻣﺎﯾﻊ ﻧﻮﺗﺮﯾﻨﺖ ﺑﺮاث اﻧﺠﺎم ﯾﺎﻓﺖ. ﺟﻬﺖ ﮐﺸﺖ ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮي و دﺳﺘﯿﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺗﮏ ﮐﻠﻮﻧﯽ در ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﺟﺎﻣﺪ، از ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﮐﺸﺖ ﻧﻮﺗﺮﯾﻨﺖ آﮔﺎر اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج DNA ﺟﻬﺖ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮي ﺑﻪ روش واﮐﻨﺶ زﻧﺠﯿﺮه اي ﭘﻠﯿﻤﺮاز) PCR ( اﻧﺠﺎم ﯾﺎﻓﺖ. ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯿﺎت ﻓﯿﺰﯾﮑﯽ و ﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ ﺧﺎك ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﺮآورد ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻃﺒﻖ روش اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد اﻧﺪازه ﮔﯿﺮي ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ : ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي و رﺷﺪ ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮي و ﺧﺎﻟﺺ ﺳﺎزي و در ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ واﮐﻨﺶ زﻧﺠﯿﺮه اي ﭘﻠﯿﻤﺮاز) PCR ( و ﺗﻮاﻟﯽ ﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻣﺒﯿﻦ ﺣﻀﻮر دو ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮي در ﺷﺶ اﯾﺴﺘﮕﺎه ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت ﺑﺎ درﺻﺪ ﺷﺒﺎﻫﺖ ﺑﯿﺶ از 95 % ﻃﺒﻖ رﺗﺒﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي ﺟﻬﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻃﺒﻖ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻠﻪ درﺻﺪ ﺣﺬف TPH درﺧﺎك ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮي ﻫﺎي Peseudomons aeruginosa و Bacillus nakamurai ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ33/50% و 33/05 % ﺑﻮد. ﺑﺤﺚ و ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي : ﺑﺎﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮاﻧﺎﯾﯽ اﯾﻦ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎ در ﺣﺬف TPH ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان آﻧﻬﺎ را ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﻮﻣﯽ ﺑﺮاي اﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ، در ﺣﺬف ﺧﺎك ﻫﺎي آﻟﻮده ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎد ﮐﺮد.

Background and Objective: The spread of soil oil pollution in the present era due to the use of fossil fuels in industrial areas has adverse effects on human and the environment. In this study we identified native bacteria from oil-contaminated soils to be used to reduce hydrocarbon contaminants. Method: First, in order to identify and isolate native bacteria in the region, sampling of soils contaminated with petroleum compounds was done in six stations located in Mahshahr Petrochemical Special Economic Zone. Bacterial growth was performed in neutrite broth liquid media. Neutrite agar medium was used to culture bacteria and achieve single colony in solid medium. DNA was extracted to identify bacterial species by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Soil physical and chemical properties were measured to estimate the conditions of the area according to the standard method. Findings: The results of isolation and growth of bacteria and purification, and finally polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and sequencing indicated the presence of two bacterial species in six different stations with a similarity of more than 95% according to the global ranking. According to the results, the percentage of TPH removal in the field by Peseudomons Aeruginosa and Bacillus Nakamurai was 53.50% and, 33.05%, respectively. Discussion and Conclusion: Due to the ability of these species to remove TPH, they can be suggested as suitable native species for this region in the removal of contaminated soils.