ارايه راهكارهاي طراحي اكولوژيكي در مرمت مناظر بومي ايران مبتني بر ارزيابي الگوهاي طبيعي منظر

زﻣﯿﻨﻪ و ﻫﺪف: ﻣﻨﺎﻇﺮ ﺑﻮﻣﯽ در ﮔﺬر زﻣﺎن ﺑﺎ ﻣﺪاﺧﻼت ﺟﻮاﻣﻊ ﺑﻮﻣﯽ در ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ ﺷﮑﻞ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﻧﺪ و واﺟﺪ وﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﻫﺎي ﺧﺎص ﺑﻮﻣﯽ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. راﻫﮑﺎرﻫﺎي اﻗﻠﯿﻤﯽ، ﺑﻬﺮهﮔﯿﺮي از ﻣﺼﺎﻟﺢ ﺑﻮمآورد و ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ آنﻫﺎ در ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺳﮑﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎهﻫﺎ در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﻇﺮ ﻣﺸﻬﻮد اﺳﺖ اﻣﺎ ﺗﺎﮐﻨﻮن ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻧﮕﺮدﯾﺪه اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ اﻟﮕﻮي ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ اﯾﻦ ﺧﺪﻣﺎت ﺑﺎ اﻟﮕﻮﻫﺎي ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﻇﺮ ﺗﺎ ﭼﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻘﺖ دارﻧﺪ. از اﯾﻦرو ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ در راﺳﺘﺎي ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﯿﺰان اﻧﻄﺒﺎق ﭘﺬﯾﺮي اﯾﻦ اﻟﮕﻮﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻬﺮهﮔﯿﺮي از روﯾﮑﺮد اﮐﻮﻟﻮژي ﻣﻨﻈﺮ و ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ اﮐﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮑﯽ ﺷﮑﻞ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪاﺳﺖ. روش ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ: اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ از روش ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﮐﯿﻔﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻬﺮهﮔﯿﺮي از روﯾﮑﺮد اﺳﺘﻨﺘﺎﺟﯽ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﻮردي ﻣﻨﺎﻇﺮ ﺑﻮﻣﯽ در اﯾﺮان ﻣﻨﻈﺮ ﺑﻮﻣﯽ ﻣﺎﺳﻮﻟﻪ، ﮐﻨﺪوان، اﺑﯿﺎﻧﻪ و اوراﻣﺎن ﺗﺨﺖ( ﺑﻬﺮه ﺑﺮدهاﺳﺖ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ اﻟﮕﻮﻫﺎي ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺧﺪﻣﺎت ﺷﻬﺮي اﻋﻢ از ﻣﻌﺎﺑﺮ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ، ﺳﮑﻮﻧﺖﮔﺎهﻫﺎ و ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ آنﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﻟﮕﻮي رﺷﺪ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﻣﻨﺎﻇﺮ ﺑﻮﻣﯽ ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ در ﻫﺴﺘﻪﻫﺎي اوﻟﯿﻪ ﺷﮑﻞﮔﯿﺮي ﻣﻨﻄﺒﻖ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺑﺤﺚ و ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮي: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﮐﯽ از آن اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ در ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ در ﻣﻨﺎﻇﺮ ﺑﻮﻣﯽ ﺟﻬﺖ ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ و ﻣﺮﻣﺖ در ﮔﺎم ﻧﺨﺴﺖ ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ اﻟﮕﻮي ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ ﭘﺮداﺧﺖ ﺗﺎ از اﯾﻦ رﻫﮕﺬر ﻧﻮع آﺷﻔﺘﮕﯽﻫﺎي ﺣﺎدث ﮔﺮدﯾﺪه در اﻟﮕﻮﻫﺎي ﻃﺒﯿﯽ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ در ﮔﺬر زﻣﺎن را ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﮔﺮدد. در ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ ﻃﺮاح ﺑﺎ ﺗﺄﮐﯿﺪ ﺑﺮ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﻪدﺳﺖآﻣﺪه ﻧﻮع و ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﯽ ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ را ﺑﻪﮔﻮﻧﻪاي ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ از ﯾﮏﺳﻮ ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺎت ﻣﺮﻣﺖ اﻟﮕﻮﻫﺎ و ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر اﮐﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮑﯽ ﻣﻨﻈﺮ را ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ آورد و از ﺳﻮﯾﯽ دﯾﮕﺮ ﺑﺎ اراﯾﻪ راﻫﮑﺎرﻫﺎي ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ اﮐﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮑﯽ در اﻧﻄﺒﺎق ﭘﺬﯾﺮي ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ اﻧﺴﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﺎ اﻟﮕﻮﻫﺎي ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ ﻣﻨﻈﺮ ﺑﮑﻮﺷﺪ.

Background and Objective: Intervention of vernacular communities in natural patterns forms vernacular landscapes. Consequences of climate solutions and use of vernacular materials can be observed in development of settlements in these landscapes. However, agreement between natural and man-made pattern has not been investigated so far. Therefore, the current study assesses level of matching the mentioned issues. Method: In this study, qualitative method along with interference approach is used based on analysis of Iranian vernacular landscapes (Abyaneh, Masouleh, Kandovan and Oraman vernacular landscapes). Finding: The results indicate that the development patterns of urban services such as public streets, settlements, and similar cases matches with natural growth patterns. Discussion and Conclusion: Results of this study emphasize that landscape designers should recognize natural patterns associated with natural disturbances, and thence set their design strategies. For the sake of simplicity, the mentioned process is called as ecological design, which results in agreement between natural and man-made patterns.