تاثير كالبد بافت هاي ساحلي بر متغيرهاي اقليمي در مناطق گرم و مرطوب، (مطالعه موردي : بندرعباس)

Impact of Coastal Fabric Variables on Climatic Variables in Hot and Humid Regions (Case Study: Bandar Abbas)

ﭼﮑﯿﺪه زﻣﯿﻨﻪ و ﻫﺪف: ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﺷﻬﺮ و ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎي ﺑﯿﻦ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن ﻫﺎ، ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻋﻤﺪه اي ﺑﺮ روي آب و ﻫﻮاي ﻧﺎﺣﯿـﻪ و ﻣﻄ ﻠﻮﺑﯿـﺖ اﻗﻠﯿﻤـﯽ ﺷـﻬﺮ دارد. آب و ﻫﻮاي ﮔﺮم و ﻣﺮﻃﻮب ﺑﻨﺪرﻋﺒﺎس ﺑﻪ ﺧﺼﻮص در ﺗﺎﺑﺴﺘﺎن ﻫﺎي ﺑﻠﻨﺪ، ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﻫﺎي ﺷﻬﺮي را ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﮑﻞ روﺑﺮو ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ. ﺧﺼﻮﺻﺎ ﻣﺮدم ﺧﻮن ﮔـﺮم ﺧﻄﻪ ﺧﻠﯿﺞ ﻓﺎرس ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﻫﺎي اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﻣﻌﺮوف ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. اﯾﺠﺎد ﺷـﺮاﯾﻂ اﻗﻠﯿﻤـﯽ ﻣﻄﻠـﻮب ﺑـﺮاي ﻓﻀـﺎﻫﺎي ﺷـﻬﺮي ﺳـﺎﺣﻠﯽ ﺗﻌـﺎﻣ ﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺳﺎﮐﻨﯿﻦ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ را اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ. روش ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ: روش ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ اﺳﺖ و از اﺑﺰار ﻫﺎي اﻟﮑﺘﺮوﻧﯿﮏ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ داده ﻫﺎي اﻗﻠﯿﻤﯽ و ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار Spss ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ داده ﻫـﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ راﺑﻄﻪ ﺑﯿﻦ ﮐﺎﻟﺒﺪ ﺷﻬﺮي و اﻗﻠﯿﻢ را ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗـﺮار داده اﺳـﺖ ﺗـﺎ ﺑـﺎ اﺳـﺘﻔﺎده از ﮐﺎﻟﺒـﺪ ﺷـﻬﺮي ﻣﻨﺎﺳـب ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ اﻗﻠﯿﻤﯽ ﻣﻄﻠﻮب در ﮐﺮاﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺳﺎﺣﻠﯽ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺷﻮد. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻫﺎي ﺳﺎﺣﻠﯽ ﺑﻮﻣﯽ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻫﺎي ﺟﺪﯾﺪ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ اﻗﻠﯿﻤﯽ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﭘـﯿﺶ ﺑﯿﻨـﯽ ﺗـﺮي دارﻧـﺪ. در ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻫﺎي ﺑﻮﻣﯽ در ﻣﻌﺎﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺿﺮﯾﺐ ﺗﺸﺨﯿﺺ 0/28 و در ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﺟﺪﯾﺪ در ﻣﻌﺎﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺿـﺮﯾﺐ ﺗﺸـﺨﯿﺺ 0/34 راﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﺎ دار ﺑﺎ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺟﺮﯾﺎن ﻫﻮا ﭘﯿﺪا ﺷﺪ. در اداﻣﻪ در ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻫﺎي ﺑﻮﻣﯽ در ﻣﻌـﺎﺑﺮ ﺑـﺎ ﺿـﺮﯾﺐ ﺗﺸـﺨﯿﺺ 0/29 و ﻣﻌﺎﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺿﺮﯾﺐ ﺗﺸﺨﯿﺺ 0/95 راﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﺎ دار ﺑﺎ اﺧﺘﻼف دﻣﺎي ﻫﻮا ﭘﯿﺪا ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺤﺚ و ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي: ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ اراﯾﻪ ﻓﺮﻣﻮل ﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﺒﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ راﺑﻄﻪ ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﻟﺒﺪي )ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ از درﯾﺎ و ﻋﺮض ﻣﻌﺎﺑﺮ( و ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫـﺎي اﻗﻠﯿﻤﯽ )دﻣﺎ و ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺑﺎد( ﺑﺮاي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻃﺮاﺣﺎن و ﻣﻌﻤﺎران اﺳﺖ.

Background and Purpose: The city structure and street canyons have a major impact on the micro climate and thermal comfort situation in urban areas. The hot and humid weather of Bandar Abbas, especially in long summers, poses problems against urban activities especially among the affectionate people in the Persian Gulf region who are known for their social activities. Creating favorable climatic conditions for coastal urban spaces will increase the social interactions of the inhabitants of the area. Material and Methods: The research method is experimental and electronic tools are applied for collecting climate data and SPSS software is devised for data analysis. This research has investigated the relationship between urban structure and climatic conditions to find suitable climatic conditions in the coastal strips using the appropriate urban structure. Results: The results of the study showed that vernacular coastal fabrics are more predictable than the modern fabrics. In vernacular fabric the passages with have coefficient of determination of 0.28 and in modern fabric the passages with have coefficient of determination of 0.34 significant relationship was found with air flow velocity. Further, in vernacular fabrics with passages have coefficient of determination of 0.29 and with passages have coefficient of determination of 0.95 significant relationship was found with air temperature difference. Discussion and Conclusion: The results of the research are used to provide regression equations for the relationship between physical and climate variables to be applied by the designers and architects.