بررسي پراكنش فيتوپلانكتون ها و تاثير پارامترهاي فيزيكوشيميايي بر ازدياد آنها در رودخانه شهر بيجار گيلان

Distribution of Phytoplankton and Physicochemical Parameters Impact on Their Propagation in the River Gilan Bijar

زﻣﯿﻨﻪ و ﻫﺪف: ﻓﯿﺘﻮﭘﻼﻧﮑﺘﻮن در ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر و ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ اﮐﻮﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ آب ﻫﺎي ﺷﯿﺮﯾﻦ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﻬﻤﯽ اﯾﻔﺎ ﻣﯿﮑﻨﻨﺪ. ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ و ﮐﻤﯿﺖ ﻓﯿﺘﻮﭘﻼﻧﮑﺘﻮن ﻫﺎ ﺗﺎ ﻗﺴﻤﺘﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎر ﻣﻐﺬي ﻣﻮﺟﻮد درآب ﺑﺴﺘﮕﯽ دارد. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻓﯿﺘﻮﭘﻼﻧﮑﺘﻮن در اﮐﻮﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ آﺑﯽ ﺑﺮاي ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ آب ﯾﺎ ﻣﯿﺰان آﻟﻮدﮔﯽ آب ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﻣﯽ ﮔﯿﺮﻧﺪ. روش ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ : رودﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺑﯿﺠﺎر در ﻣﺤﺪوده ﮔﯿﻼن ﮐﻪ از ﻣﻬﻢ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ رودﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﮐﺸﻮر ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ، ﻋﻼوه ﺑﺮ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ اﺻﻠﯽ ﺗﺎﻣﯿﻦ آب ﺷﺮب در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺼﺎرف ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ در اﻣﺮ ﮐﺸﺎورزي ﺣﺎﺋﺰ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. 48 ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺮداري ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺪت ﯾﮏ ﺳﺎل آﺑﯽ از ﺗﯿﺮ ﻣﺎه 1394 ﺗﺎ ﺧﺮداد 1395 در 4 اﯾﺴﺘﮕﺎه ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺷﺪه در ﻃﻮل ﺷﺎﺧﻪ اﺻﻠﯽ رودﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺑﯿﺠﺎر اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ و ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻓﯿﺰﯾﮑﻮﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺐ و ﻓﺮاواﻧﯽ ﻓﯿﺘﻮﭘﻼﻧﮑﺘﻮن ﻫﺎ، در ﻓﺼﻮل ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﯿﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮑﯽ رودﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺑﯿﺠﺎر، ﺑﯿﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﺣﻀﻮر 5 ﺷﺎﺧﻪ و 57 ﺟﻨﺲ در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻓﺮاواﻧﯽ ﺷﺎﺧﻪBascillariophyta در ﺗﻤﺎم ﻓﺼﻮل ﺑﺮ ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﻫﺎي دﯾﮕﺮ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﺑﺤﺚ و ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي: ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰارSpss و ﺑﮑﺎرﮔﯿﺮي آزﻣﻮن ﮐﻮﻟﻤﻮﮔﺮوف-اﺳﻤﯿﺮﻧﻮف ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ ﮐﻪ داده ﻫﺎي ﺟﻤﻊ آوري ﺷﺪه ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻤﺎم ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎ داراي ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ ﻧﺮﻣﺎل اﻧﺪ و ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻓﯿﺘﻮﭘﻼﻧﮑﺘﻮن ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﻫﺎي دﻣﺎ و PHو ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري دارﻧﺪ.

Background and objective: Phytoplankton in the structure and function of freshwater ecosystems play an important role. Quality and quantity of phytoplankton depend on in part on water the load nutritious. Therefore, the use of phytoplankton in different ecosystems, water is used to measure water quality or water pollution. Method: The river of Bijar city in Gilan area, which is one of the most important rivers in the country, in addition to the main source of drinking water supply in the region, is important for various uses in agriculture. 48 samples were taken for a wet year from July 2015 to June 2016 in 4 designated stations along the main tributary of Bijar city and the effect of physicochemical factors on the composition and frequency of phytoplankton in different seasons were studied and analyzed. Finding: The results of the study of biological River Bijar, indicates the presence of 5 branches and 57 Genus in the region. The frequency of Bascillariophyta branches on other branches were dominant in all seasons. Discussion and Conclusion: Using Spss software and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, it was found that the collected data for all parameters have a normal distribution and the number of phytoplankton has a significant correlation with temperature, pH and nitrogen.