ارزيابي هيدروژئولوژيكي سيستم پمپ حرارتي مجهز به منبع آب زيرزميني (GWHP)

Hydrogeological Assessment of the Groundwater Heat Pump (GWHP) System

زﻣﯿﻨﻪ و ﻫﺪف: ﭘﻤﭗ ﺣﺮارﺗﯽ ﻣﺠﻬﺰ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ آب زﯾﺮزﻣﯿﻨﯽ ﮐﻪ در آن از دﻣﺎي ﺛﺎﺑﺖ آبﻫﺎي زﯾﺮزﻣﯿﻨﯽ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ اﻧﺮژي ﭘﺎك و ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﺠﺪﯾﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﮔﺮﻣﺎﯾﺶ و ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﺶ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﯽﺷﻮد، راﻫﮑﺎري ﺑﺮاي ذﺧﯿﺮه اﻧﺮژي و ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ دياﮐﺴﯿﺪ ﮐﺮﺑﻦ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺑﺪﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر آب زﯾﺮزﻣﯿﻨﯽ، ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﭼﺎه ﭘﻤﭙﺎژ اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج ﺷﺪه و ﭘﺲ از ﻋﺒﻮر از ﻣﺒﺪل ﺣﺮارﺗﯽ و اﻧﺠﺎم ﺗﺒﺎدﻻت ﮔﺮﻣﺎﯾﯽ از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﭼﺎه ﺗﺰرﯾﻖ ﺑﻪ آﺑﺨﻮان ﺑﺎزﮔﺮداﻧﺪه ﻣﯽﺷﻮد. ﻫﺪف از ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻫﯿﺪروژﺋﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮑﯽ ﭘﻤﭗ ﺣﺮارﺗﯽ ﻣﺠﻬﺰ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ آب زﯾﺮزﻣﯿﻨﯽ )GWHP( ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ در ﺳﺎل 1394 اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. روش ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ: ﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻬﺖ ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت ﺣﺎﮐﻢ ﺑﺮ اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﺟﺮم و ﮔﺮﻣﺎ در ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﻣﺘﺨﻠﺨﻞ، ﮐﺪ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﯽ ﻣﺪلﺳﺎزي اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﺟﺮم MT3DMS، ﺑﺎ روﯾﮑﺮد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﺣﺮارت درآبزﯾﺮزﻣﯿﻨﯽ ﺑﻪﮐﺎر ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه و ﺷﺒﯿﻪ ﺳﺎزي ﺟﺮﯾﺎن آب زﯾﺮزﻣﯿﻨﯽ و اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﺣﺮارت اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ آب ﺗﺰرﯾﻖ ﺷﺪه ﺑﻪ ﺳﻔﺮه، ﺑﻪﻋﻠﺖ ﺗﺒﺎدل اﻧﺮژي در ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﭘﻤﭗ ﺣﺮارﺗﯽ، ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ ﻫﺎﻟﻪ ﺣﺮارﺗﯽ در اﻃﺮاف ﭼﺎه ﺗﺰرﯾﻖ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد. وﺟﻮد اﯾﻦ ﻫﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان ﻧﺸﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮﮔﺬاري دﻣﺎي آب ﺗﺰرﯾﻖ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺮ آﺑﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﻨﺒﻊ در زﯾﺮزﻣﯿﻦ وﺟﻮد دارد ﺗﻠﻘﯽ ﻣﯽ ﮔﺮدد. ﻣﯿﺰان ﺑﺰرﮔﯽ ﻫﺎﻟﻪ از ﻧﻈﺮ اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﺣﺮارت و ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺘﺎً ﮐﺎرآﯾﯽ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﻄﻠﻮب ﻧﺒﻮده و وﺳﻌﺖ و ﺟﻬﺖ ﺣﺮﮐﺖ آن ﺑﻪﻃﻮر ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي ﻫﯿﺪروژﺋﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮑﯽ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺑﺤﺚ و ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮي: ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ واﺿﺢ ﻣﺪلﺳﺎزي، ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي ﻫﺪاﯾﺖ ﻫﯿﺪروﻟﯿﮑﯽ واﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮع رﺳﻮﺑﺎت در ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﻣﺘﺨﻠﺨﻞ، ﺷﯿﺐ ﻫﯿﺪروﻟﯿﮑﯽ و ﺗﺨﻠﺨﻞ، وﺳﻌﺖ ﻫﺎﻟﻪ ﺣﺮارﺗﯽ دﭼﺎر ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ ﺷﺪه ﮐﻪ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﭘﻤﭗ ﺣﺮارﺗﯽ را ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻗﺮار دﻫﺪ. از ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻣﯽ-ﺗﻮان ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﻪﮐﺎرﮔﯿﺮي اﯾﻦ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ در ﮐﺸﻮر ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﯿﻪ ﭘﺬﯾﺮي ﻓﻨﯽ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻧﻤﻮد.

Background and objective: Groundwater heat pump (GWHP) system that uses the constant temperature of the groundwater as the source of the clean and renewable energy for heating and cooling, is applied as a strategy for energy saving and the CO2 reduction. In this technique, groundwater is extracted by pumping wells, passed through the heat exchanger and then returned to aquifer through the injection shafts. This research is aimed to assess the Groundwater Heat Pump (GWHP) System from hydrogeological point of view. Method: Regarding the mathematical similarities between transport of the heat and mass in porous media, the applied computer code of MT3DMS in mass transport modelling, was used in this study for simulation of the heat transfer in the groundwater system to assess the GWHP from hydrogeological viewpoint. Finding: The results show that a thermal plume is developed around the injection well due to the energy exchanges in GWHP system. This plume is regarded as an indicator of the impact of the injected water temperature on the underground source. Its extent and direction which are directly affected by the hydrogeological parameters is not fair from the heat transport aspect and finally the performance of the GWHP system. Discussion and Conclusion: Modelling results clearly show that with the change in hydraulic conductivity in relation to the type of the sediments in porous media, hydraulic gradient and porosity of aquifer, the extent of the thermal plume is changed, expecting impacts on functionality of the GWHP system. The results of the study can be used in utilization of the GWHP system in the country, of course after the technical-and-economic justifications.