تحليل انرژي مصرفي در توليد باگاس و ارزيابي انتشار گازهاي گلخانه اي حاصل از توليد اين محصول و تخته فيبر دانسيته متوسط بر پايه آن

Energy Consumption Analysis in Production of bagasse and greenhouse gas emission (GHG) assessment from this product and Medium Density Fiberboard based on it

اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﻪﻣﻨﻈﻮر ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻣﺼﺮف اﻧﺮژي در ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﺑﺎﮔﺎس ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻت ﺟﺎﻧﺒﯽ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﻧﯿﺸﮑﺮ و ﻣﯿﺰان اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ﮔﻠﺨﺎﻧﻪاي ﻧﺎﺷﯽ از ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﺑﺎﮔﺎس و ﻧﯿﺰ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﺗﺨﺘﻪ ﻓﯿﺒﺮ داﻧﺴﯿﺘﻪ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎﯾﻪ آن در اﯾﺮان اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. دادهﻫﺎي اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ، در ﺳﺎلﻫﺎي 1395 ﺗﺎ 1397 از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﺣﻀﻮري و ﺗﮑﻤﯿﻞ ﭘﺮﺳﺶﻧﺎﻣﻪ از ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن و ﻣﺪﯾﺮان ﺷﺮﮐﺖ ﮐﺸﺖ و ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻧﯿﺸﮑﺮ ﮐﺎرون اﺳﺘﺎن ﺧﻮزﺳﺘﺎن و ﺷﺮﮐﺖ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﺗﺨﺘﻪ ﻓﯿﺒﺮ داﻧﺴﯿﺘﻪ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻟﻮح ﺳﺒﺰ ﺟﻨﻮب ﺟﻤﻊآوري ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻣﯿﺰان اﻧﺘﺸﺎرات ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ﮔﻠﺨﺎﻧﻪاي ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻧﺮماﻓﺰار ﺳﯿﻤﺎ ﭘﺮو و ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ اﻧﺮژي ﻣﺼﺮﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان ﻣﺼﺮف اﻧﺮژي ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ و ﻏﯿﺮﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ و اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻫﻢارزﻫﺎي اﻧﺮژي اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن دادﻧﺪ ﻣﯿﺰان ﻣﺼﺮف اﻧﺮژي ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﯾﮏ ﻫﮑﺘﺎر ﺑﺎﮔﺎس در ﻣﺰارع ﭘﻠﻨﺖ و راﺗﻮن ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ 2436/75 و 1368/74 ﻣﮕﺎژول ﺑﺮ ﻫﮑﺘﺎر ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. آب آﺑﯿﺎري، ﻣﺼﺮف ﺳﻮﺧﺖ دﯾﺰل و ﮐﻮد ﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺳﻬﻢ ﻣﺼﺮف اﻧﺮژي را در ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﻧﯿﺸﮑﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮد اﺧﺘﺼﺎص دادﻧﺪ. ﻣﯿﺰان ﮐﻞ اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ﮔﻠﺨﺎﻧﻪاي ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﺑﺎﮔﺎس در ﯾﮏ ﻫﮑﺘﺎر ﻧﯿﺸﮑﺮ ﮐﺎري در ﻣﺰارع ﭘﻠﻨﺖ و راﺗﻮن ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﻣﻌﺎدل 221/87 و 99/11 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم دياﮐﺴﯿﺪ ﮐﺮﺑﻦ ﻣﻌﺎدل ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ دﯾﺰل، ﮐﻮد ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن و ادوات و ﻣﺎﺷﯿﻦﻫﺎي ﮐﺸﺎورزي در ﻣﺰارع ﭘﻠﻨﺖ و ﺳﻮﺧﺖ دﯾﺰل، ﮐﻮد ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن و ﻓﺴﻔﺎت در ﻣﺰارع راﺗﻮن ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺳﻬﻢ را در اﯾﻦ اﻧﺘﺸﺎرات ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮد اﺧﺘﺼﺎص دادﻧﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻣﯿﺰان اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﮔﺎز ﮔﻠﺨﺎﻧﻪاي در ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﯾﮏ ﻣﺘﺮﻣﮑﻌﺐ ﺗﺨﺘﻪ ﻓﯿﺒﺮ داﻧﺴﯿﺘﻪ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ﺑﺎﮔﺎس 780/53 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم دياﮐﺴﯿﺪﮐﺮﺑﻦ ﻣﻌﺎدل ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺼﺮف اﻧﺮژي اﻟﮑﺘﺮﯾﺴﯿﺘﻪ، ﭼﺴﺐ اوره ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻟﺪﻫﯿﺪ و ﮔﺎز ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺳﻬﻢ را در اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ﮔﻠﺨﺎﻧﻪاي در ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﺗﺨﺘﻪ ﻓﯿﺒﺮ داﻧﺴﯿﺘﻪ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ﺑﺎﮔﺎس دارﻧﺪ.

This study was performed to analyze the energy consumption in bagasse production as one of the byproducts from sugarcane and greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) amounts from bagasse production and its bagasse based Medium Density Fiberboard in Iran. Related data for this study was collected by direct interview and filling out questionnaires using company managers and staffs in Karoon Sugarcane Agro-Industrial Company and LooheSabz Jonoob bagasse based MDF Factory for the years 2016 to 2019. Greenhouse gas emissions were assessed by SimaPro software and energy consumptions amounts were calculated by direct and indirect energy consumptions and energy equivalents. Total energy consumptions for bagasse production were 2436.75 and 1368.74 MJ ha-1 in plant and ratoon farms, respectively. Water for irrigation, diesel fuel consumption and nitrogen fertilizer had the largest share of energy consumption in sugarcane production. The total amounts of greenhouse gas emissions for bagasse production were attained as 221.87 and 99.11 KgCO2eq ha-1 in plant and ratoon farms respectively. Diesel fuel consumption, agricultural machineries and nitrogen fertilizer in plant farms and diesel fuel, phosphate and nitrogen fertilizers in ratoon farms had the highest share of emissions, respectively. Furthermore, the amount of greenhouse gas emissions for bagasse based - MDF production was gained as 780.53 KgCO2eq m3-1. Electrical energy consumption, urea formaldehyde resin and natural gas had the main share in total GHG emissions in bagasse based -MDF production.