بررسي توان و ارزيابي تغييرات زماني مكاني شهر ياسوج در راستاي توسعه شهري

Investigating Capability and Evaluation of Spatial Temporal Variations in Yasuj in Urban Development

ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎﯾﺪار ، ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪاي اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺪون ﺗﻬﺪﯾﺪ ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪيﻫﺎي ﻧﺴﻞ آﯾﻨﺪه در ﺗﺎﻣﯿﻦ ﻧﯿﺎزﻫﺎي ﺧﻮد ،ﺑﻪ ﻧﯿﺎزﻫﺎي ﻧﺴﻞ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﮔﻮﯾﺪ. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت ﺑﺮاي دﺳﺘﯿﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎﯾﺪار آن اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻗﺒﻞ از اﺟﺮاي ﻫﺮ ﻃﺮح ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ، ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ زﯾﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﻮد زﻣﯿﻨﻪ و ﻫﺪف در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﻮان و ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات زﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯽ ﺷﻬﺮ ﯾﺎﺳﻮج، ﺗﻼش ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ﺑﮑﺎرﮔﯿﺮي ﺗﮑﻨﯿﮏ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺐ ﺧﻄﯽ وزندار ، ﺗﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﮐﺎرﺑﺮي ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺷﻬﺮي ﭘﯿﺶﺑﯿﻨﯽ ﺷﻮد. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ روﺗﺪ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات زﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯽ ﺷﻬﺮ ﯾﺎﺳﻮج ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد روش ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺗﻮان و ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات زﻣﺎﻧﯽ و ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯽ در راﺳﺘﺎي ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺷﻬﺮي، ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻧﻈﺮات ﮐﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎن و ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶﻫﺎي ﻗﺒﻠﯽ، ﻣﻌﯿﺎرﻫﺎ و زﯾﺮﻣﻌﯿﺎرﻫﺎي ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎدي ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﺳﭙﺲ ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﺎت زوﺟﯽ اﺑﻌﺎد و ﻣﻌﯿﺎرﻫﺎ، ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺗﮑﻨﯿﮏ AHP ﺑﻪ ﮐﻤﮏ 30 ﻧﻔﺮ از اﻋﻀﺎي ﻫﯿﺌﺖ ﻋﻠﻤﯽ و ﮐﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎن ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ ﺻﻮرت ﭘﺬﯾﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ.. ﭘﺲ از اﻧﺠﺎم ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﺎت زوﺟﯽ، ﻻﯾﻪﻫﺎي اﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﯽ ﻣﻌﯿﺎرﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻈﺮ در ﻣﺤﯿﻂ Idrisi اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﺳﺎزي ﺷﺪه و در ﻣﺤﯿﻂ GIS، ﻻﯾﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﺬﮐﻮر ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺗﻨﺎﺳﺐ اراﺿﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪي ﺷﻬﺮي ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺐ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. در اداﻣﻪ، ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ روﻧﺪ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات زﻣﺎﻧﯽ-ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯽ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮي اراﺿﯽ ﻣﺤﺪوده ﺷﻬﺮ ﯾﺎﺳﻮج در ﺳﻪ ﻣﻘﻄﻊ زﻣﺎﻧﯽ 2001 ،1986 و 2016 از ﺗﺼﺎوﯾﺮ ﻣﺎﻫﻮاره ﻟﻨﺪﺳﺖ، ﺳﻨﺠﻨﺪه ﻫﺎي ETM+ ، TM و OLI ﮐﻪ در ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار Envi 5.1 آﻣﺎدهﺳﺎزي ﺷﺪ، اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس روﻧﺪ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ﮐﺎرﺑﺮي اراﺿﯽ ﻣﺤﺪوده ﺷﻬﺮ ﯾﺎﺳﻮجْ، ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﺴﮑﻮﻧﯽ ﯾﺎ ﺷﻬﺮي ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ﮔﺴﺘﺮدهاي داﺷﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ اﯾﻦ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات از ﮐﺎرﺑﺮيﻫﺎي اﻃﺮاف ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺟﻨﮕﻞ، ﻣﺮﺗﻊ، ﮐﺸﺎورزي و ﭘﯿﮑﺮهﻫﺎي آﺑﯽ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. ﺟﻨﮕﻞ ﮐﻪ در اﻃﺮاف ﺷﻬﺮ ﯾﺎﺳﻮج و در داﺧﻞ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻗﺮار دارد ﺧﺪﻣﺎت اﮐﻮﺳﯿﺴﺘﻤﯽ زﯾﺎدي ﺑﺮاي اﯾﻦ ﻧﺎﺣﯿﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ و ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺷﻬﺮ اﯾﻦ ﺧﺪﻣﺎت از ﻧﻈﺮ ﮐﻤﯽ و ﮐﯿﻔﯽ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ، ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﯿﻦ دﻟﯿﻞ ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﻣﻮرد ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻗﺮار ﺑﮕﯿﺮد. ﺑﺤﺚ و ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮي ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه از اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان اﻟﮕﻮﯾﯽ ﺟﻬﺖ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻣﮑﺎن ﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺷﻬﺮي ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ رﻋﺎﯾﺖ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﻪ ﻫﺎي زﯾﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﮔﯿﺮد و ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ ، ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺗﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎي دادهﻫﺎي ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺼﻮص در زﻣﯿﻨﻪ ﺳﮑﻮﻧﺖﮔﺎهﻫﺎي اﻧﺴﺎﻧﯽ ) ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ ذات ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ ﭘﺬﯾﺮ آنﻫﺎ( اﻧﺠﺎم ﻣﯽﮔﯿﺮﻧﺪ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﻣﺒﻨﺎي ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ رﯾﺰيﻫﺎي دﻗﯿﻖ ﻗﺮار ﺑﮕﯿﺮﻧﺪ.

Sustainable development is a kind of development that responds to the needs of the present generation, without threatening the future generation's capabilities in meeting their needs. So one of the most important steps to achieve sustainable development is to carry out various environmental studies before implementing any development plan. Background and Purpose: In this study, with the aim of investigating capability and evaluation of spatial temporal variations in Yasuj, efforts have been made to implement weighted Linear Combination Technique in order to predict the capability of the region for urban development. Also satellite images were used to investigate the spatial temporal variation in Yasuj city. Analysis method: In order to investigate the amount of power and evaluation of temporal and spatial variation in urban development, the criteria and sub-criteria were determined based on experts' opinions and previous researches. Then the AHP technique assisted by 30 faculty members and experts was employed to paired comparison dimensions and criteria. After the paired comparison, the information layers were standardized in the Idrisi environment and in the GIS environment. Then the layers were combined to determine the land suitability for Urban development. Afterwards, in order to study the time-shift changes of land use in Yasuj city in the three periods of 1986, 2001, and 2016, Landsat satellite images, TM, ETM + and OLI sensors, which were prepared in the Envi 5.1 software environment, were used. Findings: Based on the land use change trends in the Yasuj area, residential or urban areas have undergone extensive changes that affected environment uses including forests, grassland, agriculture and aquatic structures. The forest, located inside and around the city of Yasuj, provides a lot of ecosystem services for the area, which by city development, these services have been reduced both quantitatively and qualitatively, which should be considered. Discussion and Conclusion: The results of this study can be used as a model for selecting suitable locations for urban development with respect to environmental considerations and results of this work shown that studies based on spatial data, especially on human settlements (due to their inherent nature) can be the basis for accurate planning.