تحليل و اولويت بندي عوامل مؤثر بر توليد گندم با تأكيد بر پايداري محيط زيست

Analyze and Prioritize Factors Affecting Wheat Production with an Emphasis on Environmental Sustainability

ﭼﮑﯿﺪه زﻣﯿﻨﻪ و ﻫﺪف: داﻧﺶ و اﻃﻼﻋﺎت زﯾﺴﺖﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ ﻧﻘﺶ اﺳﺎﺳﯽ در ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖﻫﺎي اﻓﺮاد ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ دارد. اﯾﻦ آﮔﺎﻫﯽﻫﺎ راه را ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺟﻮاﻣﻊ ﺑﺸﺮي ﻫﻤﻮار ﻣﯽﺳﺎزد و ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ و ﻣﺸﮑﻼت زﯾﺴﺖﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ را ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ. اﻣﺮوزه ﺗﻬﺪﯾﺪﻫﺎي زﯾﺴﺖﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ از ﺟﺎﻧﺐ ﺑﺸﺮ ﻣﻮرد ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ و اﻓﮑﺎر ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ را ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮد ﻣﻌﻄﻮف ﮐﺮده اﺳﺖ. دﻟﯿﻞ اﯾﻦ ﺗﻬﺪﯾﺪﻫﺎ آن اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺸﮑﻼت ﻋﻤﺪهاي را در زﻣﯿﻨﻪ ﭘﺎﯾﺪاري ﻣﺤﯿﻂزﯾﺴﺖ ﺑﻮﺟﻮد آورده اﺳﺖ و از ﻃﺮﻓﯽ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﺴﯿﺎر زﯾﺎدي ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﭘﺎﯾﺪاري و ﺳﻼﻣﺖ زﯾﺴﺖﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ در ﺑﺨﺶ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪات ﮐﺸﺎورزي ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ اﺛﺮات زﯾﺎﻧﺒﺎر آن ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ ﻫﺪف ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ، ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ و اوﻟﻮﯾﺖﺑﻨﺪي ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﻣﺤﺼﻮل ﮔﻨﺪم ﺑﺎ ﺗﺄﮐﯿﺪ ﭘﺎﯾﺪاري زﯾﺴﺖ-ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ اﺳﺖ. روش ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ: در ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺗﮑﻨﯿﮏﻫﺎي AHP ﻓﺎزي و DEMATEL ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ و اوﻟﻮﯾﺖﺑﻨﺪي ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﮔﻨﺪم ﺑﺎ ﺗﺄﮐﯿﺪ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎﯾﺪاري ﻣﺤﯿﻂزﯾﺴﺖ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮔﺮدﯾﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري ﺷﺎﻣﻞ 50 ﻧﻔﺮ از ﺧﺒﺮﮔﺎن و ﮐﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎن ﺟﻬﺎد ﮐﺸﺎورزي ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﺎن و در ﺳﺎل 1397-98 ﮔﺮدآوري ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از AHP ﻓﺎزي، ﻧﺸﺎندﻫﻨﺪه در اوﻟﻮﯾﺖ ﺑﻮدن ﺑﻌﺪ آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ- ﺗﺮوﯾﺠﯽ ﺑﺎ وزن ﺗﻬﺎﯾﯽ )0/45( و ﭘﺲ از آن ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺘﯽ )0/31(، ﻓﻨﯽ )0/12( و اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي )0/10( ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش DEMATEL، ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ ﺗﺮوﯾﺠﯽ در اوﻟﻮﯾﺖ ﻧﺨﺴﺖ، و ﭘﺲ از آن اﺑﻌﺎد ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺘﯽ، ﻓﻨﯽ و اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﺪار 32/17 ،34/44 و 31/33 را ﺑﺮ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﮔﻨﺪم در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﺎن دارا ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ.

Background and Objective: Knowledge and information on the environment play a major role in the activities of the community. These information’s pave the way for the development of human societies and reduce environmental problems. Today, environmental threats have been taken into consideration by human beings and focused on public opinion. The reason for these threats is that it has created major problems in terms of environmental sustainability and, on the other hand, much attention has been paid to the issue of sustainability and environmental health in agricultural production due to its harmful effects. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate and prioritize factors affecting wheat production with an emphasis on environmental sustainability. Method: the statistical population includes 50 experts and experts in agriculture Jihad in Sistan region, using fuzzy hierarchical analysis and demetal analysis techniques. Findings: The results of the fuzzy AHP indicate that the educational-promotional dimension is the highest (0.45) and then management (0.31), technical (0.12) and economic (0.10) respectively. Also, the results are shown using the DEMATEL method The first educational extension followed by the administrative, technical and economic dimensions of 34.44%, 32.17%, and 33.31% on wheat production in Sistan region. Discussion and Conclusion: Therefore, it is recommended that educational programs be promoted by the farmers of Sistan Agricultural Jihad for wheat farmers, taking into account the farmers' needs and the rural conditions of the region.