شبيه سازي و تحليل ترموديناميكي و زيست‌محيطي نيروگاه توليد برق و بخار پالايشگاه نفت تهران

Thermodynamic and Environmental Simulation and Analysis of Tehran Petroleum Refinery Power and Steam Plant

زﻣﯿﻨﻪ و ﻫﺪف: ﭘﺎﻻﯾﺸﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎي ﻧﻔﺖ از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ اﻧﺮژي ﺑﺮ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺻﻨﺎﯾﻊ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ و آﻻﯾﻨﺪه ﻫﺎي زﯾﺎدي ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﻨﺪ. ﻟﺬا ﺷﺒﯿﻪ ﺳﺎزي ﺗﺮﻣﻮدﯾﻨﺎﻣﯿﮑﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰات، ﺗﺨﻤﯿﻦ آﻻﯾﻨﺪه ﻫﺎ و اﺛﺮات زﯾﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ از اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﺧﺎﺻﯽ ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار اﺳﺖ. در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺷﺒﯿﻪ ﺳﺎزي و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺗﺮﻣﻮدﯾﻨﺎﻣﯿﮑﯽ و زﯾﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ واﺣﺪ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﺑﺮق و ﺑﺨﺎر ﭘﺎﻻﯾﺸﮕﺎه ﺗﻬﺮان ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. روش ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ: در اﯾﻦ ﺧﺼﻮص دو ﺳﻨﺎرﯾﻮ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎن ﺗﻮان و ﺑﺨﺎر ﭘﺎﻻﯾﺸﮕﺎه ﺗﻬﺮان ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎد ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺷﺒﯿﻪ ﺳﺎزي ﺗﺮﻣﻮدﯾﻨﺎﻣﯿﮑﯽ ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰات اﺻﻠﯽ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﺗﻮان و ﺑﺨﺎر در ﻣﺤﯿﻂ Matlab اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺟﻮاﺑﻬﺎي ﺷﺒﯿﻪ ﺳﺎزي، از ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار Thermoflex و Star اﺳﺘﻔﺎه ﮔﺮدﯾﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺨﻤﯿﻦ اﺛﺮات زﯾﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﭼﺮﺧﻪ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ از ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار Sima Pro اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ دﻗﺖ ﺷﺒﯿﻪ ﺳﺎزي ﺗﺮﻣﻮدﯾﻨﺎﻣﯿﮑﯽ ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﺑﺎﻻ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻣﯿﺰان ﺗﻮان ﺗﻮرﺑﯿﻦ ﻫﺎي ﺑﺨﺎر در ﺳﻨﺎرﯾﻮ دو و ﺳﻪ 8/87 درﺻﺪ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ اﺛﺮات زﯾﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ در ﺳﻨﺎرﯾﻮ دوم 16 درﺻﺪ و در ﺳﻨﺎرﯾﻮ ﺳﻮم ﺣﺪود 60 درﺻﺪ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺤﺚ و ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي: ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻨﺎرﯾﻮﻫﺎي ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎدي و ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ ﺳﺎزي ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﺑﺨﺎر ﭘﺎﻻﯾﺸﮕﺎه ﺗﻬﺮان، راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺷﺒﮑﻪ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﺼﺮف اﻧﺮژي و ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ آﻻﯾﻨﺪه ﻫﺎ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﭼﺸﻤﮕﯿﺮي ﻣﯽﯾﺎﺑﺪ.

Background and Objectives: Oil refineries are the most energy-intensive industries and produce a lot of pollutions. So, thermodynamic simulation is important for performance analysis of equipment, estimation of emissions and environmental impacts. In this paper, simulation and thermodynamic and environmental analysis of Tehran refinery power and steam plant have been studied. Method: In this regards, two scenarios for performance improvement of steam and power system have been proposed for Tehran refinery. Thermodynamic simulation of each main component has been performed in Matlab Environment. To verification of simulation results, Thermoflex and Star software have been employed. Also, Sima Pro software has been used for estimation of environmental impacts based on Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). Findings: Results show the accuracy of the thermodynamic simulation is very high. The power of steam turbines has been increased by 8.87 % in the second and third scenarios. Also, the environmental impacts have been reduced 16 % in second and 60% in third scenarios. Discussion and Conclusion: According to the proposed scenarios and optimization of Tehran Refinery steam network, the efficiency of the network increases energy consumption and production of pollutants is significantly reduced