اثر عصاره دانه خربزه (Cucumis melo) بر بيان كليوي ژن هاي كد كننده استئوپونتين و ليتواستاتين در موش هاي صحرايي مبتلا به سنگ كليه

Effect of melon seed extract (Cucumis melo var. inodorous) on renal expression of osteopontin and lithostathin coding genes in urolithiatic male rats

ﺳﻨﮓ ﮐﻠﯿﻪ ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﻬﻢ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺑﯿﻤﺎري ﻫﺎي دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ادراري و ﻣﻬﻢ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ دﻟﯿﻞ ﻣﺮگ و ﻣﯿﺮ ﻧﺎﺷﯽ از ﺑﯿﻤﺎري ﻫﺎي ﻣﺠﺎري ادراري اﺳﺖ. ﺷﯿﻮع ﺑﯿﻤﺎري ﺳﻨﮓ ﮐﻠﯿﻪ در ﺣﺎل اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺑﻮده و ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ ﻧﯿﺎز ﺑﻪ روش ﻫﺎي درﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﻮﺛﺮﺗﺮ و ﮐﻢ ﺧﻄﺮﺗﺮ ﺑﺮاي درﻣﺎن وﺟﻮد دارد. داﻧﻪ ﺧﺮﺑﺰه ﺑﺮاي درﻣﺎن ﺑﯿﻤﺎري ﻫﺎي ﮐﻠﯿﻮي ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺳﻨﮓ ﻫﺎي ﮐﻠﯿﻮي و ﻣﺜﺎﻧﻪ ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎد ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻫﺪف از ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮ ﻋﺼﺎره ﻫﯿﺪرواﺗﺎﻧﻠﯽ داﻧﻪ ﺧﺮﺑﺰه ﺑﺮ ﺑﯿﺎن ﮐﻠﯿﻮي ژن ﻫﺎي ﮐﺪﮐﻨﻨﺪه اﺳﺘﺌﻮﭘﻮﻧﺘﯿﻦ و ﻟﯿﺘﻮاﺳﺘﺎﺗﯿﻦ در ﻣﻮش ﻫﺎي ﺻﺤﺮاﯾﯽ ﻧﺮ ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻨﮓ ﮐﻠﯿﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. اﻟﻘﺎء ﺳﻨﮓ ﮐﻠﯿﻪ اﮔﺰاﻻت ﮐﻠﺴﯿﻤﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺧﻮراﮐﯽ ﮐﻠﺮﯾﺪ آﻣﻮﻧﯿﻮم 1% )3 روز( و اﺗﯿﻠﻦ ﮔﻠﯿﮑﻮل 0/75% )38 روز( در ﻣﻮش ﻫﺎي ﺻﺤﺮاﯾﯽ ﻧﺮ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﺳﯿﺘﺮات ﭘﺘﺎﺳﯿﻢ )2/5 ﮔﺮم/ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم( و ﻋﺼﺎره ﻫﯿﺪرواﺗﺎﻧﻠﯽ داﻧﻪ ﺧﺮﺑﺰه )300 ،150 و 600 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﮔﺮم/ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم( ﺑﻄﻮر ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎن ﺑﺎ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر اﺗﯿﻠﻦ ﮔﻠﯿﮑﻮل ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت 38 روز ﺑﻄﻮر ﺧﻮراﮐﯽ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﭘﺲ از 38 روز، ﺣﯿﻮاﻧﺎت ﺑﯿﻬﻮش ﺷﺪه و ﮐﻠﯿﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ راﺳﺖ آن ﻫﺎ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺑﯿﺎن ﮐﻠﯿﻮي ژن ﮐﺪﮐﻨﻨﺪه اﺳﺘﺌﻮﭘﻮﻧﺘﯿﻦ و ﻟﯿﺘﻮاﺳﺘﺎﺗﯿﻦ ﺑﻪ روش real-time PCR ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺮداري ﺷﺪﻧﺪ ﺑﯿﺎن ژن ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار Rest و آﻧﺎﻟﯿﺰ داده ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ روش آﻣﺎري آﻧﺎﻟﯿﺰ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﯾﮏ ﻃﺮﻓﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. داده ﻫﺎ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﺗﯿﻤﺎر روزاﻧﻪ ﺧﻮراﮐﯽ ﺳﯿﺘﺮات ﭘﺘﺎﺳﯿﻢ و ﻋﺼﺎره داﻧﻪ ﺧﺮﺑﺰه ﻣﻮﺟﺐ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار ﺑﯿﺎن ژن ﮐﺪﮐﻨﻨﺪه اﺳﺘﺌﻮﭘﻮﻧﺘﯿﻦ و ﻟﯿﺘﻮاﺳﺘﺎﺗﯿﻦ در ﻣﻮش ﻫﺎي ﺻﺤﺮاﯾﯽ ﺑﯿﻤﺎر ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ در ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﺑﯿﻤﺎر ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد )0.001

Kidney stone is one of the most important diseases of the urinary tract and the most important cause of death due to urinary tract disease. The prevalence of urinary tract disease is increasing and therefore more effective and low-risk therapies are needed for treatment. Melon seeds have been suggested for the treatment of kidney diseases such as kidney stones. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of hydro-ethanolic extract of melon seed on renal expression of osteopontin and lithostathin coding genes in male rats with kidney stones. Induction of calcium oxalate kidney stone was performed by oral treatment of ammonium chloride (3 days) and ethylene glycol (38 days) in male rats. Potassium citrate and hydro-ethanolic extract of melon seed were treated orally with ethylene glycol for 38 days. After 41 days, the animals were anesthetized and their right kidney was removed for evaluation of renal expression of osteopontin and lithostathin coding genes by real-time PCR. Results showed that daily oral administration of potassium citrate and extract (150, 300 and 600 mg/kg body weight) significantly increased the expression of osteopontin coding gene (spp1) in experimental rats compared to control group (p <0.001). Also, daily oral administration of potassium citrate and extract significantly increased lithostathin coding gene (reg1a) expression in experimental rats compared to control group (p < 0.001). In conclusion, melon seed extract can improve kidney stone disease by enhancing the expression of osteopontin and lithostathin-encoding genes and is more effective than potassium citrate in treating the disease.