اثر اندازه ذرات ذرت و منابع مختلف فيبر نامحلول بر عملكرد و خصوصيات لاشه و دستگاه گوارش جوجه‌هاي گوشتي

The effect of corn particle sizes and different insoluble fiber sources on growth performance and carcass and gastrointestinal tract characteristics of broiler chickens

اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ اﺛﺮ اﻧﺪازه ذرات ذرت و ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻓﯿﺒﺮ ﻧﺎﻣﺤﻠﻮل ﺑﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد، ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯿﺎت ﻻﺷﻪ و دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﮔﻮارش در ﺟﻮﺟﻪ ﻫﺎي ﮔﻮﺷﺘﯽ از ﺳﻦ 1 ﺗﺎ 21 روزﮔﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﺗﻌﺪاد 660 ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﺟﻮﺟﻪ ﮔﻮﺷﺘﯽ ﻧﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﯾﻞ 2×3 ﺑﺎ ﺷﺶ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر و ﭘﻨﺞ ﺗﮑﺮار اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ دو اﻧﺪازه ذرات ذرت )2 و 6 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﻣﺘﺮ( و ﺳﻪ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﻓﯿﺒﺮ ﻧﺎﻣﺤﻠﻮل )ﻟﯿﮕﻨﻮﺳﻠﻮﻟﺰ، ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻪ ﺑﺮﻧﺞ و ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻪ آﻓﺘﺎﺑﮕﺮدان( ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. اﺛﺮ اﺻﻠﯽ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﻓﯿﺒﺮ ﺑﺮ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ وزن ﺑﺪن و ﺿﺮﯾﺐ ﺗﺒﺪﯾﻞ ﻏﺬاﯾﯽ، ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار ﺑﻮد ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮري ﮐﻪ ﭘﺮﻧﺪﮔﺎن ﺗﻐﺬﯾﻪ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎ ﺟﯿﺮه ﺣﺎوي ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻪ آﻓﺘﺎﺑﮕﺮدان، اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ وزن ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ )0/01P). وزن سنگدان در پرندگاني كه با جيره حاوي ليگنوسلولز و پوسته آفتابگردان تغذيه شدند بالاتر (0/01>P) از جوجه هاي تغذيه شده با جيره حاوي پوسته برنج بود. براساس نتايج اين تحقيق، به كار بردن 3 درصد پوسته آفتابگردان در جيره از طريق بهبود وزن و كاهش pH سنگدان، عملكرد رشد را بهبود مي دهد و مي تواند در صنعت جوجه هاي گوشتي به صورت كاربردي مورد استفاده قرار گيرد

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of corn particle size and different insoluble fiber sources on performance and carcass and gastrointestinal tract characteristics of broilers from 1 to 21 days of age. A total of 660 male broilers were used in a 2×3 factorial arrangement with 6 treatments and five replicates per treatment. The factors of interest were two corn particle sizes (2 and 6 mm) and three insoluble fiber sources (lignocellulose, rice hull, RH and sunflower hull, SFH). The main effect of fiber source was significant for the body weight gain (P<0.01) and feed conversion ratio, with SFH inclusion improved BWG (P<0.01) and FCR (P<0.01) compared to OH and lignocellulose. The supplementation of lignocellulose (P<0.05) and fine particles (P<0.01) resulted in higher carcass weight compared to other fiber sources and coarse particles, respectively. Feeding lignocellulose increased (P<0.01) the weight of the small intestine than the other two fiber sources. The Experimental treatments had no significant effect on the relative length of small intestinal segments. Coarse grinding of corn and SFH inclusion reduced gizzard pH when compared to fine grinding and lignocellulose inclusion, respectively (P<0.05). The Gizzard weight of birds fed a diet containing lignocellulose and SFH was significantly higher (P<0.01) those fed RH. Generally, the dietary inclusion of 3% SFH improves growth performance through improved weight and reduced pH of gizzard and can be practically used in the broiler industry.