ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﻣﺪل ﻣﺤﯿﻂ زﯾﺴﺘﯽ ﭘﺎﯾﺪار در ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﮔﺎز اﯾﺮان ﺑﺎ ﺗﺄﮐﯿﺪ ﺑﺮ روش آﻣﯿﺨﺘﻪ اﮐﺘﺸﺎﻓﯽ

Environmentally Sustainable Design in Iran's Gas Industry with an Emphasis on Exploratory Mixed Methods

ﻣﻔﻬﻮم ﻣﺤﯿﻂ زﯾﺴـﺖ ﭘﺎك، ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ و ﺷـﺎﺧﺺﺗﺮﯾﻦ اﺻـﻮل ﮐﻠﺎن در ﺳﯿﺎﺳﺘﮕﺬاري ﺗﻤﺎم ﮐﺸﻮر ﺟﻬﺎن ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎر ﻣﯽرود. اﯾﻦ ﻣﺴـﺄﻟﻪ ﺑﻪوﯾﮋه در ﻣﯿﺎن ﮐﺸـﻮرﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻪ از ﺳـﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪﻫﺎي ﮐﻠﺎن ﻧﻔﺖ و ﮔﺎز )ﮐﻪ ﯾﮑﯽ از آﻟﺎﯾﻨﺪهﻫﺎي ﻣﻬﻢ ﻣﺤﯿﻂزﯾﺴــﺖ ﺑﻪﺷﻤﺎر ﻣﯽروﻧﺪ( از اﻫﻤﯿﺖ وﯾﮋهاي ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار ﻣﯽﮔﺮدد. ﭼﺮا ﮐﻪ اﻣﺮوزه ﻫﺰﯾﻨﻪﻫﺎي اﻧﺴـﺎﻧﯽ و اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﺻﺮف ﺷﺪه در راﺳﺘﺎي دﺳﺘﯿﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﯿﻂزﯾﺴــﺖ ﭘﺎﯾﺪار ﻣﯿﻠﯿﺎردﻫﺎ دﻟﺎر ﺑﺮآورد ﻣﯽﮔﺮدد. ﮐﺸــﻮر اﯾﺮان ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﻪ ﺳــﺒﺐ ﺑﺮﺧﻮرداري از ﺻــﻨﺎﯾﻊ ﻧﻔﺖ و ﮔﺎز ﯾﮑﯽ از ﮐﺸــﻮرﻫﺎﯾﯽ اﺳــﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺴــﺄﻟﻪ ﻣﺤﯿﻂزﯾﺴــﺖ و آﻟﺎﯾﻨﺪهﻫﺎي ﺣﺎﺻــﻞ از ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ آن اﻫﻤﯿﺖ وﯾﮋهاي ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ و ﻫﻤﻮاره درﺻــﺪد ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ و اﻋﻤـﺎل ﻣﺪل و اﻟﮕﻮﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﮐﺎﻫﺶ آﻟﺎﯾﻨﺪه ﻫﺎي ﻧﻔﺖ و ﮔﺎز ﺑﻮده اﺳـــﺖ. در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﻧﯿﺰ، ﻧﻮﯾﺴـــﻨﺪﮔﺎن ﻣﺴﺎﻋﯽ ﺧﻮد را ﺻﺮف ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ اﻟﮕﻮي ﻣﺤﯿﻂزﯾﺴﺘﯽ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎﯾﺪار در ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﮔﺎز اﯾﺮان ﻧﻤﻮدهاﻧﺪ. روش ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﯽ ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ آﻣﯿﺨﺘﻪ اﮐﺘﺸـﺎﻓﯽ )ﮐﯿﻔﯽ – ﮐﻤﯽ( اﺳـﺖ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ 1080 ﻧﻔﺮ ﺑﻮده و ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﮔﻠﻮﻟﻪ ﺑﺮﻓﯽ ﺗﺎ رﺳـﯿﺪن ﺑﻪ اﺷـﺒﺎع ﻧﻈﺮي ﺑﺎ 25 ﺧﺒﺮه، ﻣﺼـﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﻋﻤﯿﻖ اﻧﺠﺎم و در ﺑﺨﺶ ﮐﻤﯽ، ﺑﺮاي ﺳـﻨﺠﺶ ﻣﺪل، ﭘﺮﺳــﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺤﻘﻖ ﺳـﺎﺧﺘﻪاي ﺑﺎ روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي ﺧﻮﺷـﻪاي ﻧﺴﺒﯽ در ﺑﯿﻦ 285 ﻧﻔﺮ از ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. رواﯾﯽ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﺎ روش ﺻﻮري و ﻣﺤﺘﻮاﯾﯽ و ﭘﺎﯾﺎﯾﯽ آن ﺑﺎ روش آﻟﻔﺎي ﮐﺮوﻧﺒﺎخ ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺄﯾﯿﺪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. دادهﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ روش ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﯽ اﮐﺘﺸـــﺎﻓﯽ و ﺗﺄﯾﯿﺪي ﺑﺎ ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰارﻫﺎي SPSS وAMOS ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﺨﺶ ﮐﯿﻔﯽ ﺣﺎﮐﯽ از آن ﺑﻮده ﮐﻪ اﻟﮕﻮي ﻣﺤﯿﻂزﯾﺴﺘﯽ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎﯾﺪار داراي 15 ﺑﻌﺪ ﺑﻪﺷـﺮح ﺷـﺮاﯾﻂ ﻋﻠﯽ )1. رﺳـﺎﻟﺖ ﺧﺪﻣﺎترﺳﺎﻧﯽ، 2. اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت اﯾﻤﻨﯽ و ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺖ، 3. ﻣﺴﺆوﻟﯿﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ(، ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ زﻣﯿﻨﻪاي )4. آﻣﻮزش و ﯾﺎدﮔﯿﺮي، 5. ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓﺳــﺎزي، 6. ﻧﮕﺮش و آﮔﺎﻫﯽ ﻣﺪﯾﺮان(، ﺷــﺮاﯾﻂ ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪاي )7. ﭘﯿﻤﺎﻧﮑﺎران، 8. ﺗﺄﺳــﯿﺴــﺎت و ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰات ﻓﻨﯽ، 9. ﺗﮑﻨﻮﻟﻮژي و ﻋﻤﻠﯿـﺎت ﻓﻨﯽ(، راﻫﺒﺮد ) 10. ﺳـــﯿﺎﺳـــﺖﮔﺬاريﻫﺎي ﻣﯿﺎنﻣﺪت و ﺑﻠﻨﺪﻣﺪت وزارت ﻧﯿﺮو، 11. ﻧﻈﺎرت و ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻣﺴــﺘﻤﺮ ﺑﺮ روﻧﺪ ﭘﺮوژهﻫﺎ، 12. ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﻣﺼــﺮف ﻣﺸــﺘﺮﮐﺎن، 13. ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ آﻟﺎﯾﻨﺪهﻫﺎي ﺣﺎﺻـﻠﻪ( و ﭘﯿﺎﻣﺪ )14 . ارﺗﻘﺎء ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد زﯾﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ ﺷﺮﮐﺖ ﮔﺎز و 15. ﺣﺮﮐﺖ در ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎﯾﺪار( اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﺨﺶ ﮐﻤﯽ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ اﺑﻌﺎد ﻣﺪل ﭘﺎراداﯾﻤﯽ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺄﯾﯿﺪ واﻗﻊ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ.

The concept of clean environment is one of the most important and significant macro principles in the policy of the whole country. This is especially important among countries with large oil and gas capital (which is one of the major polluters of the environment). Because today, the human and economic costs of achieving a sustainable environment are estimated at billions of dollars. Due to its oil and gas industry, Iran is one of the countries that pays special attention to the environment and pollutants from its activities and has always sought to design and apply various models and models to reduce oil and gas pollutants. In this article, the authors have devoted their efforts to designing an environmental model of sustainable development in the Iranian gas industry. The combined research method is based on mixed exploratory research (qualitative-quantitative). The statistical population of the present article is based on 1080 people and using the snowball method to achieve theoretical saturation with 25 experts, in-depth interviews were conducted and in a quantitative part, to measure the model, a researcher-made questionnaire by cluster sampling method Relative was distributed among 285 samples. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by face and content method and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha method. Data were analyzed by exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis with SPSS and AMOS software. The results of the qualitative section indicate that the environmental model of sustainable development has 15 dimensions in terms of causal conditions (1. service mission, 2. safety and health requirements, 3. social responsibility), underlying conditions (4. education and learning, 5 Culture building, 6. Attitudes and knowledge of managers), intervention conditions (7. Contractors, 8. Technical facilities and equipment, 9. Technology and technical operations), strategy (10. Medium and long-term policies of the Ministry of Energy, 11. Supervision and Continuous evaluation of project progress is 12. Customer Consumption Management Programs, 13. Residual Pollution Management Programs) and Outcome (14. Improving the Environmental Performance of the Gas Company and 15. Moving Towards Sustainable Development). The results of the quantitative section showed that all dimensions of the