تحليل اهميت - عملكرد عوامل موثر بركيفيت زندگي كاري كاركنان در سازمان هاي دولتي

Significance Analysis - The Performance of Factors Affecting the Quality of Work Life of Employees in Government Organizations

ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﮐﻨﻮﻧﯽ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻫﺪف، ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي و از ﺣﯿﺚ ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺖ، ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ- اﮐﺘﺸﺎﻓﯽ اﺳﺖ و ﺑﺮاي ﺟﻤﻊآوري اﻃﻼﻋﺎت از روش دﻟﻔﯽ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. اﺑﺰار ﺟﻤﻊآوري اﻃﻼﻋﺎت در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﮥ ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ و ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد، ﭘﺮﺳﺶﻧﺎﻣﻪ دوﺑُﻌﺪي ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻃﯿﻒ ﻟﯿﮑﺮت و ﺷﺎﻣﻞ 23 ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. ﻫﺮ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻣﯿﺰان اﻫﻤﯿﺖ و ﻣﯿﺰان ﻣﻮﺟﻮدﯾﺖ )ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد( آن ﺳﻨﺠﺶ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. رواﯾﯽ ﭘﺮﺳﺶﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ اﺳﺘﺎدان ﺻﺎﺣﺐﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺄﯾﯿﺪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﺑﺮاي ﺳﻨﺠﺶ ﭘﺎﯾﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻞ ﭘﺮﺳﺶﻧﺎﻣﻪ از آزﻣﻮن آﻟﻔﺎي ﮐﺮوﻧﺒﺎخ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﭘﺎﯾﺎﯾﯽ ﭘﺮﺳﺶﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ در اﺑﻌﺎد اﻫﻤﯿﺖ و ﻣﻮﺟﻮدﯾﺖ، ﺑﺎ 0/89 و 0/87 درﺻﺪ ﺗﺄﯾﯿﺪ ﺷﺪ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﺳﺎزﻣﺎنﻫﺎي دوﻟﺘﯽ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ آﻣﺎري اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ را 15 ﻧﻔﺮ از ﺧﺒﺮﮔﺎن داﻧﺸﮕﺎﻫﯽ و ﺳﺎزﻣﺎﻧﯽ در ﺣﻮزه ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ اﻧﺴﺎﻧﯽ و رﻓﺘﺎر ﺳﺎزﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ ﻣﯽدﻫﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي ﻏﯿﺮﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ و در دﺳﺘﺮس اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪهاﻧﺪ. از روش دﻟﻔﯽ ﺑﻪﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﮐﺎري، از آﻧﺘﺮوﭘﯽ ﺷﺎﻧﻮن ﺑﺮاي ﺳﻨﺠﺶ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ، از آزﻣﻮن ﺗﯽ اﺳﺘﯿﻮدﻧﺖ ﺑﺮاي ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد و از ﻣﺎﺗﺮﯾﺲ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ- ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ راﺑﻄﻪ ﺑﯿﻦ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ و ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ، ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي »ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺖ ﺷﻐﻞ، ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﮐﺎري و ...«، ﻫﻢ از ﺑُﻌﺪ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ و ﻫﻢ از ﺑُﻌﺪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد در وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﯽ ﻗﺮار داﺷﺘﻪ و ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎي »ﭘﺮورش اﺳﺘﻌﺪاد، ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺖ ﻣﺪﯾﺮان و ...« ﺑﺎ وﺟﻮد درﺟﻪ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﺑﺎﻻ در وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﯽ ﻗﺮار ﻧﺪارﻧﺪ و ﻧﯿﺎزﻣﻨﺪ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ و ﺗﻤﺮﮐﺰ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. در ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ، ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺷﻔﺎﻓﯿﺖ ﻧﻘﺶ، ﺗﻌﺎرض ﺳﺎزﻣﺎﻧﯽ و ... ﺑﺎ وﺟﻮد درﺟﻪ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ باوجود درجه اهميت پايين از منظر خبرگان، بيش از اندازه در سازمان مورد توجه واقع شده اند و مي بايست نگاه به آن ها متعادل گردد.

In the present study, the factors affecting the quality of working life in the government organization were identified from the perspective of experts, examined and their desired and current status was evaluated using significance and performance analysis. The research is applied and has been done in a descriptive-exploratory method using Delphi fan. The data collection tool of this research was two questionnaires consisting of 23 variables based on the theoretical literature in the field of quality of working life. The statistical population of the study is 15 theoretical and experimental experts in the field of human resource management who have been selected by judgmental sampling. The optimal status of the factors was graded based on the opinion of experts and the Likert scale and their degree of importance was determined using Shannon entropy technique. Also, t-test was used to evaluate the current status of these variables and their performance. In addition, using the importance-performance analysis matrix, the two desirable and existing dimensions of the mentioned characteristics have been analyzed together. Based on the results, the variables "job nature, working conditions...," is in a good position both in terms of importance and performance, and "talent development, managerial support..." despite the degree High importance is not in the right position and needs attention and focus. In contrast, variables such as role transparency, organizational conflict....despite their low importance from the perspective of experts, have received too much attention in the organization and should be viewed in a balanced.