واكاوي نقش نهادهاي مذهب پايه در توسعۀ اجتماع محله اي نمونۀ موردي: محلۀ ششگلان

Analyzing the Role of Basic Religion Institutions in the Local Community Development: The Case of Sheshgelan Neighborhood

نهادهاي مذهبي، گروهي از نهادهاي اجتماعي هستند كه هدفشان برآورده ساختن نيازهاي ديني و مذهبي جامعه است. يكي از نهادهاي مذهبي كه در جوامع اسلامي حضوري فعال دارد، نهاد مسجد است. مسجد به عنوان اصلي ترين بنا در شهرهاي اسلامي، دو هدف عمده دارد. هدف مذهبي: يعني پرستش و عبادت خدا به صورت جمعي و هدف اجتماعي: يعني ايجاد اتحاد در درون اجتماع و تقويت روابط اجتماعي. هدف از اين پژوهش، شناسايي نقشي است كه نهادهاي مذهبي و به ويژه مساجد مي توانند در توسعۀ اجتماعات محلي داشته باشند. روش شناسي پژوهش، رويكرد توصيفي–تحليلي است. در قسمت چارچوب نظري و ادبيات موضوع از روش اسنادي استفاده شده است و يافته هاي پژوهش نيز با استفاده از روش ميداني و تهيه پرسش نامه بوده است. جامعۀ آماري پژوهش حاضر، شامل ساكنان محلۀ ششگلان در منطقه ده شهرداري تبريز است كه براي به دست آوردن حجم نمونه از فرمول كوكران استفاده شده است. بر اين اساس و با توجه به جامعۀ آماري، حجم نمونه شامل 150 نفر و واحد تحليل در اين پژوهش، فرد است. فرضيۀ پژوهش بر اين استوار است كه بين نهادهاي مذهبي و توسعۀ اجتماعات محلي ارتباط معناداري وجود دارد. براي تعيين اين ارتباط، از آزمون ضريب كندال و ضريب همبستگي اسپيرمن استفاده شد. يافته هاي پژوهش نشان مي دهند كه مقدار ضريب كندال در بين تمامي مؤلفه هاي توسعۀ اجتماع محلي و نهادهاي مذهبي بيش از 60 درصد و مقدار ضريب همبستگي اسپيرمن نيز بيش از 65 درصد است كه اين امر بيانگر رابطۀ مثبت و معناداري ميان مؤلفه¬هاي توسعۀ اجتماع محلي و نهادهاي مذهبي است.

Religious institutions are a group of social institutions that aim to meet the religious needs of society. One of the religious institutions that has an active presence in Islamic societies is mosque. Mosque, as the main building in Islamic cities, has two main purposes. Religious purpose: it means the worship of God collectively and social purpose: it means creating unity within the community and reinforcement of social relations. The purpose of this study is to identify the role that religious institutions, especially mosques, can play in the development of local communities. Research methodology is a descriptive-analytical approach. In the theoretical framework and literature of the subject, the documentary method has been used and the research findings have been collected using the field method and preparing a questionnaire. The statistical population of the present study includes the residents of Sheshgelan neighborhood in District 10 of Tabriz Municipality. Shashgelan neighborhood in the ten districts of Tabriz municipality is one of the few neighborhoods that has 6 active mosques, and the service area of some of these mosques includes the whole city of Tabriz. Existence of a network of effective communication between the residents of this neighborhood with a sense of sharing interests has turned Sheshgelan neighborhood into a developing neighborhood community. But what has been neglected in the meantime is paying attention to the role and impact that the mosques of this neighborhood can have in order to develop the community in Sheshgelan neighborhood. The Cochran's formula has been used to obtain the sample size. Based on this and according to the statistical population, the sample size includes 150 people and the unit of analysis in this study is individual. The research hypothesis is based on the fact that there is a significant relationship between religious institutions and the development of local communities. Kendall coefficient and Spearman correlation coefficient were used to determine this relationship. Results of the reaserch show that the value of Kendall coefficient among all components of local community development and religious institutions is more than 60% and the value of Spearman correlation coefficient is more than 65%, which indicates a positive and significant relationship between components of local community development and its religious institution. Findings show that daily interaction in the mosques of Sheshgelan neighborhood, leads to the formation of a sense of trust that is effective in restoring trust and continuity of interaction. The neighborhood mosque is a place of gathering and a basis for unity and solidarity of different strata of the neighborhood residents. The neighborhood mosque can even be considered as a council mosque and a representative of the Muslim community in the neighborhood, and this social unit with principled planning can have a tremendous impact on advancing the neighborhood development and solving its problems. Also, the mosque plays a great role in creating harmony and empathy and creating social interactions among the residents of the neighborhoods, to provide a work space and interaction at the neighborhood level.