تعيين عوامل موثر بر ميزان مشاركت بهره برداران در اجراي طرح هاي مرتعداري در كجور شهرستان نوشهر

Determination the effective factors on the participation rate of exploiters in the implementation of rangeland management projects in Kojour, Nowshahr city

ﻫﺪف اﺻﻠﯽ در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي و اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ ﻣﯿﺰان ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ داﻣﺪاران در ﻃﺮحﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﺗﻌﺪاري ﮐﺠﻮر ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﻧﻮﺷﻬﺮ ﺑﻮد. روش ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ، ﭘﯿﻤﺎﯾﺸﯽ- ﻣﯿﺪاﻧﯽ ﺑﻮد. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ 54 ﻧﻔﺮ از داﻣﺪاران و ﻣﺮﺗﻌﺪاران در ﻣﺮاﺗﻊ ﺣﻤﺰهﭼﺎل، ﻟﻤﻦﺳﻔﻠﯽ و ﻋﻠﯿﺎ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﮐﺠﻮر ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻓﺮﻣﻮل ﮐﻮﮐﺮان ﺣﺠﻢ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ 45 ﻧﻔﺮ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ و از اﯾﻦ ﺗﻌﺪاد، 28 ﻧﻔﺮ در اﻣﺮ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻫﻤﮑﺎري ﻧﻤﻮدﻧﺪ. ﺑﺎ روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺳﺎده ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب و اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﻻزم از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺟﻤﻊآوري ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ دادهﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﮐﻤﮏ ﻧﺮماﻓﺰار SPSSv19 ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺿﺮﯾﺐ ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﭘﯿﺮﺳﻮن، اﺳﭙﯿﺮﻣﻦ و در ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ رﮔﺮﺳﯿﻮن ﭼﻨﺪﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮه ﺻﻮرت ﭘﺬﯾﺮﻓﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ در ﻃﺮحﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﺗﻌﺪاري در ﺣﺪ زﯾﺎدي ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ، اﻣﺎ ﺑﯿﻦ ﺳﻦ ﭘﺎﺳﺨﮕﻮﯾﺎن، ﻣﯿﺰان ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻼت آﻧﺎن ﺑﺎ ﻣﯿﺰان ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ در ﻃﺮحﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﺗﻌﺪاري ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﻧﺸﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﯿﺰان درآﻣﺪ و ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ در ﻃﺮحﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﺗﻌﺪاري راﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ و ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري ﺑﺎ اﺣﺘﻤﺎل ﺑﯿﺶ از 95 درﺻﺪ و ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﯿﺰان اﻋﺘﻤﺎد ﺑﻪ وﻋﺪهﻫﺎي دوﻟﺖ و ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ در ﻃﺮحﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﺗﻌﺪاري راﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ رﮔﺮﺳﯿﻮن ﻧﺸﺎﻧﮕﺮ آن ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﻣﯿﺰان آﮔﺎﻫﯽ از ﻃﺮحﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﺗﻌﺪاري ﺳﻬﻢ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮي در ﭘﯿﺶﺑﯿﻨﯽ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﻣﯿﺰان ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ در ﻃﺮحﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﺗﻌﺪاري در ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎ داﺷﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﺮﮔﺰاري ﮐﻼسﻫﺎي آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ- ﺗﺮوﯾﺠﯽ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ اﻧﮕﯿﺰه ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ و ﻧﯿﺰ اﯾﺠﺎد ﻣﺴﺎﯾﻞ و ﻣﺸﮑﻼت از ﺳﻮي ﮐﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎن و ﻣﺪﯾﺮان ﺑﺮاي ﻃﺮحﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﺗﻌﺪاري ﺳﺒﺐ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﯿﺰان ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ در ﻃﺮحﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﺗﻌﺪاري ﮔﺮدﯾﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﯿﺰان آﮔﺎﻫﯽ داﻣﺪاران، ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﺮدن ﻣﯿﺰان اﻋﺘﻤﺎد ﺑﻪ دوﻟﺖ، ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﺸﮑﻼت و ﻣﻌﻀﻼت و اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ درآﻣﺪ داﻣﺪاران را ﻣﯽﺗﻮان ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان راﻫﮑﺎر ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎد ﻧﻤﻮد.

This study was aimed to determine the impact of social and economical factors on the participation rate of ranchers in rangeland management projects of Kojour in Nowshahr city. The research method was a survey-field study. The statistical population of the study included 54 ranchers in the pastures of Hamze Chal, Leman Sofla and Olia of Kojour, and the sample size was determined for 45 individuals based on Cochran formula and 28 of them collaborated in the research. Samples were selected by a simple random sampling method and the essential information was collected through a questionnaire. Data analysis was done by SPSSv19 using Pearson and Spearman's correlation coefficient, Spearman, and multivariate regression. The results of the research showed that the rate of participation in rangeland projects was high, but no significant correlation was observed between the age of respondents and the level of their education with the rate of participation in rangeland projects. Besides, there is a significant and positive correlation between the rate of income and the rate of participation in rangeland projects with a probability of more than 95% and there was a significant relationship between the level of trust in government promises and participation in rangeland projects. Regression analysis indicated that the variable of knowledge in rangeland management projects had a greater contribution in predicting the participation rate in rangeland management projects compared to other variables. Also, holding training-extension classes led to an increase in the motivation of participation and also raising problems and issues by experts and managers for rangeland projects caused to reduce the rate of participation in rangeland projects. According to the results of this study, increasing the awareness of ranchers, increasing the level of trust to the government, reducing problems, and increasing the income of ranchers can be suggested as a solution.