اهداف
عوارض ريوي پوستي و چشمي ناشي از مواجهه با خردل گوگردي در جانبازان شيميايي در مطالعات متعددي مورد بررسي قرار گرفته است. اين مطالعه به ارزيابي مشكلات سلامت جانبازان شيميايي مبتلا به عوارض شديد ريوي مي پردازد.
ابزار و روش ها:
در اين مطالعه مقطعي، 292 جانباز شيميايي با عوارض شديد ريوي ناشي از مواجهه با خردل گوگردي در كل كشور توسط دو پزشك در سال 1395 معاينه شدند. سابقه بيماري ها و مشكلات سلامت در جانباز ثبت و معاينه باليني انجام شد. داده ها با استفاده از نرم افزار SPSS 16 و آزمون آزمون كاي دو و ضريب همبستگي لامبدا مورد تجزيه و تحليل قرار گرفتند.
يافته ها:
بيشترين مشكلات جانبازان شيميايي با عوارض شديد ريوي به ترتيب مربوط به مشكلات عضلاني-اسكلتي 92.1% (كمردرد 68.8%)، مغز و اعصاب 88.4% (سردرد 78./1%)، شنوايي 81.8% (كاهش شنوايي 62%)، دستگاه گوارش 78.1% (ريفلاكس 74.3%)، كليه و مجاري ادراري 65.1%، قلبي-عروقي 52.4%، اختلالات سيستم ايمني 43.4% و ناباروري10.6% بود. ميانگين فشارخون سيستوليك و دياستوليك جانبازان به ترتيب برابر 14.7±121.1 و 8.8±79.7ميليمتر جيوه بود. اكثرا تحت درمان كورتيكواستروييد تنفسي 72.2% و خوراكي 45% بودند. ارتباط معني داري بين جنس، سن، دفعات مواجهه با خردل گوگردي با شيوع شكايت هاي جسمي و بيماري هاي اسكلتي-عضلاني، سيستم عصبي، دستگاه گوارش، سيستم قلبي- عروقي و شنوايي مشاهده نشد (0.05
چكيده لاتين :
Aims
The complications of sulfur mustard (SM) in lungs, eyes, and skin of exposed survivors have already been studied. This study evaluates health problems of other than the usual affected organs in survivors with severe respiratory injuries.
Instrument & Methods
In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 292 chemical warfare veterans with severe pulmonary complications due to exposure to sulfur mustard were examined by two physicians in 2016. Health problems in the veterans were recorded and a clinical examination was performed. Data using SPSS software version 2016 and Chi-square test and Lambda correlation coefficient were analyzed.
Findings
The most common problems of chemical warfare victims with severe pulmonary complications were related to musculoskeletal problems 92.1% (low back pain 68.8%), neurological system 88.4%(headache 78.1%), auditory system 81.8%(Hearing loss 62%), gastrointestinal tract 78.1% (reflux 74.3%), kidney and urinary tract (65.1%), cardiovascular (52.4%), immune system disorders (43.4%) and infertility 10.6%. The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure of the veterans were 121.1±14.7 and 79.7±8.8mmHg, respectively. Most of them were under treatment of respiratory corticosteroids (72.2%) and oral corticosteroids (45%). There were no significant relationships between gender, age, frequency of exposure to sulfur mustard, and the prevalence of physical complaints and musculoskeletal diseases, nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, cardiovascular system, and hearing loss (p>0.05).
Conclusion
The most important health problems were musculoskeletal, neurological, hearing loss, and gastrointestinal problems. Moreover, the rate of using corticosteroids was very high while the rate of Infertility was less prevalent than previous studies. These results will help investment policies aiming at considering future health promotion planning.