سواد سلامت مادران كودكان بستري در مركز آموزشي- درماني قدس، شهر قزوين

Health Literacy of Mothers in Ghods Children's Hospital, Qazvin

زﻣﯿﻨﻪ و ﻫﺪف: ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻗﺸﺮ آﺳﯿﺐ ﭘﺬﯾﺮ در ﻫﺮ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ، در ﻣﻌﺮض ﺑﯿﻤﺎريﻫﺎ و ﺻـﺪﻣﺎت ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔـﯽ ﻗـﺮار دارﻧـﺪ . ﻣﺎدران ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻً ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﯿﻦ اﺻﻠﯽ ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن ﻫﺴـﺘﻨﺪ. ﺳـﻮاد ﺳـﻼﻣﺖ در ﺑﺮﮔﯿﺮﻧـﺪه ﺗﻮاﻧـﺎﯾﯽ ﺧﻮاﻧـﺪن، ﺷـﻨﯿﺪن، ﺗﺠﺰﯾـﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿـﻞ، ﺗﺼﻤﯿﻢﮔﯿﺮي و ﺑﻪﮐﺎرﮔﯿﺮي اﯾﻦ ﻣﻬﺎرتﻫﺎ در ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ اﺳﺖ. ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﮥ ﺣﺎﺿـﺮ ﺑـﺎ ﻫـﺪف ﺗﻌﯿـﯿﻦ ﻣﯿـﺰان ﺳـﻮاد ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﻣﺎدران داراي ﮐﻮدك ﺑﺴﺘﺮي در ﺑﯿﻤﺎرﺳﺘﺎن آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ درﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﻗﺪس ﻗﺰوﯾﻦ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. روش ﮐﺎر: اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ- ﻣﻘﻄﻌﯽ ﺑﻪ روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي ﺳـﻬﻤﯿﻪ اي ﺑـﺮ روي 385 ﻣـﺎدر داراي ﮐـﻮدك ﺑﺴـﺘﺮي در ﺑﯿﻤﺎرﺳﺘﺎن آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ- درﻣـﺎﻧﯽ ﻗـﺪس ﺷـﻬﺮ ﻗـﺰوﯾﻦ در ﺳـﺎل 1395 اﺟـﺮا ﮔﺮدﯾـﺪ. اﺑـﺰار ﮔـﺮدآوري دا ده ﻫـﺎ، ﭘﺮﺳﺸـﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺧﻮدﮔﺰارشدﻫﯽ ﺳﻨﺠﺶ ﺳﻮاد ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﺑﺰرﮔﺴﺎﻻن اﯾﺮاﻧـﯽ )HELIA( ﺑـﺎ 33 ﮔﻮﯾـﻪ ﺑـﻮد . ﺗﺠﺰﯾـﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿـﻞ داده ﻫـﺎ ﺗﻮﺳـﻂ ﻧﺮماﻓﺰار16 -SPSS ﺑﺎ آﻣﺎر ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ و اﺳﺘﻨﺒﺎﻃﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﺳﻦ ﻣﺎدران ﺷﺮﮐﺖ ﮐﻨﻨـﺪه در ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌـﻪ 29/50±5/7 ﺑـﻮد ،92/7 درﺻـﺪ ﺧﺎﻧـﻪ دار و 41/8 درﺻـﺪ داراي ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻼت دﯾﭙﻠﻢ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﮐﺴﺐ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت در ﻣﻮرد ﺑﯿﻤﺎري ﮐﻮدك در 82/3 درﺻﺪ ﻣﻮارد ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﭘﺰﺷﮏ و56 درﺻﺪ از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ رﺳﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺑﻮد. ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻧﻤﺮه ﺳﻮاد ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﻣﺎدران71/5 ±1/4 از 100 ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ در ﺳـﻄﺢ ﻣﻨﺎ ﺳـﺒﯽ ﻗـﺮار داﺷـﺖ . ﺑـﯿﻦ ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻼت و ﻣﯿﺰان ﺳﻮاد ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﻣﺎدران ارﺗﺒﺎط آﻣﺎري ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري وﺟﻮد داﺷﺖ )0/05

Children are a vulnerable group in society. They are exposed to many diseases and injuries and mothers are usually responsible for taking care of their children. Health literacy is defined as the ability to read, understand, and utilization of the basic health information to lead a better and healthy life. This study aimed to evaluate the health literacy of mothers of hospitalized children in Ghods Hospital in Qazvin. Methods: This cross-sectional and analytical study, using quota sampling method, was performed on 385 mothers with hospitalized child in Ghods teaching-medical hospital of Qazvin in 2016. Self-report questionnaire for Iranian adult health literacy (HELIA) was used. Data analysis was performed by SPSS-16 software with descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Based on the study results, the mean age of participants was 29.50±5.7, 92.7% of them were housewives and 41.8% had diploma degree. The source of information about the child's illness by doctors and the media were 82.3% and 56 %, respectively. The mean health literacy among the participants was obtained as 71.50±1.4 of 100 points. According to the results, 46.78% of mother had adequate health literacy and 20.6 % were at a high- level. Furthermore, health literacy showed a significant relationship with education level (p< 0.05). Conclusion: Given the importance of children's health and the role of mothers in caring of them, planning and efforts to change the care system structures to increase the health literacy of mothers who are inadequate in health literacy is recommended by providing the necessary training in health centers and the community.