تأثير رنگ و نمك هاي فلزي بر گيرايي سيمان سفيد و ويژگي هاي كامپوزيت رشته چوب سيمان تزئيني

The effect of dye and metals salts on white cement curing and properties of decorative wood wool-cement composite

ﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪ و ﻫﺪف: اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﻮاد ﺟﺪﯾﺪ ﺑﺎ وﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﻫﺎي رﻗﺎﺑﺘﯽ در ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن ﻫﻤﯿﺸﻪ ﻣﻮرد ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﻧﺎزك ﮐﺎري و اﺟﺮاي دﮐﻮراﺳﯿﻮن داﺧﻠﯽ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﻬﻤﯽ از اﯾﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﭘﻮﯾﺎ ﺗﻠﻘﯽ ﺷﺪه ﮐﻪ ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺗﻨﮕﺎﺗﻨﮕﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺻﻨﺎﯾﻊ ﻓﺮآورده ﻫﺎي ﭼﻮﺑﯽ دارد. در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﺗﺨﺘﻪ رﺷﺘﻪ ﭼﻮب ﺳﯿﻤﺎن ﺗﺰﺋﯿﻨﯽ ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﻫﺪف از اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ رﻧﮓ ﭘﺎﯾﻪ آب ﺑﺮ ﮔﯿﺮاﯾﯽ ﺳﯿﻤﺎن ﺳﻔﯿﺪ و ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ اﺗﺼﺎل در اﯾﻦ ﻓﺮآورده ﺗﺰﺋﯿﻨﯽ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻧﻤﮏ ﻫﺎي ﻓﻠﺰي ﺑﻮد. ﻣﻮاد و روش ﻫﺎ: اﺑﺘﺪا رﺷﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ آب ﻧﻤﮏ ﮔﺮم ﺟﻬﺖ ﺣﺬف ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﺎت ﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪه ﮔﯿﺮاﯾﯽ ﭘﯿﺶ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮاي اﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر رﺷﺘﻪ ﭼﻮب ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺳﯿﻤﺎن ﺳﻔﯿﺪ، ﺗﺴﺮﯾﻊ ﮐﻨﻨﺪه )ﮐﻠﺮﯾﺪ ﺳﺪﯾﻢ و ﮐﻠﺮﯾﺪﮐﻠﺴﯿﻢ(، آب و رﻧﮓ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﯿﮏ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻣﻌﯿﻦ ﻣﺨﻠﻮط ﺷﺪه و ﭘﺲ از ﺷﮑﻞ دﻫﯽ دﺳﺘﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﻓﺸﺮدهﺳﺎزي اوﻟﯿﻪ ﺗﺤﺖ ﭘﺮس ﺳﺮد ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت 20 دﻗﯿﻘﻪ و ﺳﭙﺲ ﺟﻬﺖ ﮔﯿﺮاﯾﯽ اوﻟﯿﻪ ﺳﯿﻤﺎن و رﺳﯿﺪن ﺑﻪ ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ 16 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﻣﺘﺮ در ﭘﺮس ﺳﺮد ﺛﺎﻧﻮﯾﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت 18 ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﺗﺨﺘﻪﻫﺎي ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪي ﺑﻌﺪ از ﺧﺮوج از ﭘﺮس ﺳﺮد ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت 28 روز در ﻣﺤﯿﻂ آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﮕﺎه ﺑﻪﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﮔﯿﺮاﯾﯽ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﯿﻤﺎن ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﺳﭙﺲ ﺧﻮاص ﻓﯿﺰﯾﮑﯽ و ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯿﮑﯽ آنﻫﺎ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮي ﺷﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﺑﻬﺘﺮﯾﻦ وﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯿﮑﯽ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﺗﺨﺘﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎ ﮐﻠﺮﯾﺪ ﮐﻠﺴﯿﻢ ﺑﻮد و در اﯾﻦ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺑﯿﺶ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﺪول اﻻﺳﺘﯿﺴﯿﺘﻪ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﮐﻠﺮﯾﺪ ﮐﻠﺴﯿﻢ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻄﺢ 5 درﺻﺪ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ 1217/9 ﻣﮕﺎﭘﺎﺳﮑﺎل ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺷﺪ. در ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﺧﻤﺶ و ﮐﺸﺶ ﻋﻤﻮد ﺑﺮ ﺳﻄﺢ، ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎدﯾﺮ در ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي ﺣﺎوي 3 درﺻﺪ ﮐﻠﺮﯾﺪ ﮐﻠﺴﯿﻢ و ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ 3/7 و 0/15 ﻣﮕﺎﭘﺎﺳﮑﺎل ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﻫﻢ ﭼﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﻬﺒﻮد وﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﻫﺎي ﻓﯿﺰﯾﮑﯽ ﺟﺬب آب و واﮐﺸﯿﺪﮔﯽ ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ( ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﮐﻠﺮﯾﺪﺳﺪﯾﻢ در ﺳﻄﺢ 5 درﺻﺪ ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ ﺗﺤﺖ اﯾﻦ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﻣﻘﺪار ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﻫﺎي ذﮐﺮﺷﺪه ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ 7/9 درﺻﺪ و 0/43 درﺻﺪ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي: ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰودن رﻧﮓ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮآﯾﻨﺪ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﭼﻮب رﺷﺘﻪ ﺳﯿﻤﺎن، ﻣﺪت زﻣﺎن ﮔﯿﺮش ﺳﯿﻤﺎن اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﮐﻪ اﯾﻦ ﻣﺴﺄﻟﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ اﻓﺖ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ از ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﻫﺎ ﻧﯿﺰ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. وﻟﯽ ﺑﺎ اﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻧﻤﻮدن ﻧﻤﮏ ﻫﺎي ﻓﻠﺰي، ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﮔﯿﺮش ﺳﯿﻤﺎن ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﯾﺎﻓﺖ و ﻣﻘﺪار اﻓﺖ اﯾﺠﺎدﺷﺪه در اﻏﻠﺐ وﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﻫﺎ ﺟﺒﺮان ﺷﺪ. ﻧﻮع ﻧﻤﮏ در ﻣﻘﺪار وﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺪول اﻻﺳﺘﯿﺴﯿﺘﻪ، ﮐﺸﺶ ﻋﻤﻮد ﺑﺮ ﺳﻄﺢ، ﺟﺬب آب و واﮐﺸﯿﺪﮔﯽ ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﻣﺤﺼﻮل اﺛﺮ ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري داﺷﺖ درﺣﺎﻟﯽ ﮐﻪ اﺛﺮ ﻣﻘﺪار اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻧﻤﮏ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ در ﻣﺪول اﻻﺳﺘﯿﺴﯿﺘﻪ و ﺟﺬب آب ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار ﺑﻮد. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﻮع ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد و ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯿﺎت وﯾﮋه ﺗﺨﺘﻪﻫﺎي رﺷﺘﻪ ﭼﻮب ﺳﯿﻤﺎن ازﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺟﺬب ﺻﻮت، ﺛﺒﺎت اﺑﻌﺎدي، ﮐﻨﺪﺳﻮزي، دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ و ارزان ﺑﻮدن ﻣﻮاد اوﻟﯿﻪ، ﻋﺪم ﭘﯿﭽﯿﺪﮔﯽ ﻓﺮآﯾﻨﺪ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ، ﻋﺪم اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﻣﻮاد ﺳﻤﯽ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻟﺪﺋﯿﺪ، ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﮔﺰﯾﻨﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺼﺎرف ﺗﺰﺋﯿﻨﯽ در ﺻﻨﺎﯾﻊ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.

Background and Objectives: The use of new materials with competitive features in the construction industry has always been considered. The stage of finishing and interior decoration is also considered an important part of this dynamic industry, which is closely related to the wood products industry. In this study, the optimal conditions for making decorative wood wool cement board were investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of water-based paint on the hardening of white cement and improve the quality of the bonding in this decorative panel using metal salts. Materials and Methods: The wood wool were first pretreated with hot salty water to remove the inhabitant compounds. For this purpose, the wood wool piles are mixed with white cement, accelerator (sodium chloride and calcium chloride), water and plastic paint in a certain ratio and after manual forming were placed in cold press for 20 minutes for initial compression. Then for initial setting of cement and reaching a thickness of 16 mm, it was placed in a secondary cold press for 18 hours. After leaving the cold press, the produced panels were conditioned for 28 days in order to completely setting the cement. Then their physical and mechanical properties were measured according to the relevant standards. Results: The results of this study showed that the best mechanical properties were related to panels made with calcium chloride and in these conditions the highest modulus of elasticity (MOE) was related to calcium chloride with a level of 5% equal to 1217.9 MPa. In case of flexural strength (MOR) and internal bonding (IB), the highest results were observed in treatments with 3% Calcium chloride and was equal to 3.7 and 0.15 MPa, respectively. Also, the optimal conditions for improving the physical properties were determined by applying sodium chloride at the level of 5%, in that the water absorption (WA) and thickness swelling (TS) were determined 7.9% and 0.43% respectively. Conclusion: By adding the paint to production process of wood wool cement board, the curing time was increased and caused reduction in some properties. But with adding metal salts, the curing rate was improved and the reduction in almost properties was compensated. Salt type had significant influence on properties like MOE, IB, WA24h and TS24hvwhile the effect of salt amount was only significant on MOE and WA24h. Regarding to the variety of application and special characteristics of WWCB, including sound absorption, dimensional stability, fire resistance, abundance and cheapness of raw materials, no complexity of the production process, no emission of toxic compounds such as formaldehyde, it could be suitable choice for decorative purposes in building industries.