پديد آورندگان :
امين السادات، راضيه دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي، بندرعباس، ايران - گروه روان شناسي , درتاج، فريبرز دانشگاه علامه طباطبائي، تهران، ايران - گروه روان شناسي , دلاور، علي دانشگاه علامه طباطبائي، تهران، ايران - گروه روان شناسي , حاجي عليزاده، كبري دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي، بندرعباس، ايران - گروه روان شناسي
كليدواژه :
هيپنوتراپي , ذهن آگاهي , استرس ادراك شده , شكست عاطفي
چكيده فارسي :
زمينه و هدف: نياز به دوست داشتن از نيازهاي بسيار اساسي انسان است و از تجربه‌هاي بسيار عميق جدايي و سوگ در ناكامي، ناشي‌‌از فروپاشي رابطهٔ عاشقانه است. پژوهش حاضر، با هدف تعيين اثربخشي هيپنوتراپي بر ذهن‌آگاهي و استرس ادراك‌شدهٔ زنان داراي سابقهٔ شكست عاطفي انجام شد.
روش بررسي: پژوهش حاضر از نوع نيمه‌آزمايشي با طرح پيش‌آزمون-پس‌آزمون و پيگيري با گروه گواه بود. جامعهٔ آماري تمامي زنان مراجعه كننده به مراكز مشاورهٔ شهرستان آمل با سابقهٔ شكست عاطفي در سال 1396 بودند. تعداد 30 آزمودني با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گيري دردسترس به‌عنوان نمونه انتخاب شده و به‌صورت تصادفي در دو گروه مداخله و گواه گمارده شدند. به‌منظور اجراي پژوهش، از پرسشنامه‌هاي آسيب عاطفي راس (1999) و مقياس استرس ادراك‌شده (كوهن و همكاران، 1983) و مقياس ذهن‌آگاهي (براون و رايان، 2003) استفاده شد. آزمودني‌هاي گروه آزمايش به‌مدت هشت جلسهٔ دوساعته به‌صورت هفتگي تحت مداخلهٔ هيپنوتراپي قرار گرفتند؛ ولي گروه گواه مداخله‌اي دريافت نكرد. پرسشنامه‌هاي مذكور در سه مرحله، قبل از شروع مداخله و بعد از اتمام و يك‌ماه بعد از آخرين جلسهٔ هيپنوتراپي تكميل شدند. تجزيه‌و‌تحليل يافته‌هاي تحقيق با استفاده از آزمون آناليز واريانس با اندازه‌گيري مكرر در سطح معنا‌داري 0٫05 صورت گرفت.
يافته‌ها: نتايج آزمون آناليز واريانس با اندازه‌گيري مكرر نشان داد كه هشت جلسه آموزش هيپنوتراپي موجب افزايش نمرات ذهن‌آگاهي (0٫001>p) و كاهش نمرات استرس ادراك‌شده در گروه آزمايش شده است (0٫001>p).
نتيجه‌گيري: باتوجه به يافته‌هاي پژوهش مي‌توان از هيپنوتراپي براي بهبود كيفيت زندگي و افزايش اميد به آينده در افراد با سابقهٔ شكست عاطفي استفاده كرد.
چكيده لاتين :
Background & Objectives: A highly painful event that individuals might experience is a romantic relationship collapse. Due to the subtle spirit of women, this group is more prone to suffer mental damages. The damages caused is increased perceived stress and decreased mindfulness in
these individuals. Perceived stress is a psychological state or process in which individuals perceive their biopsychological well-being as threatening. Mindfulness defined as a state of understanding and being aware of what is going on at the moment. Mindfulness is a clear awareness
of a person about what occurs inside and in interaction with the outside environment in the consecutive moments of perceptions. Given the depth
of damage caused by emotional failure, hypnotherapy intervention could be beneficial in this group. Hypnotherapy is a Cognitive-Behavioral
Therapy (CBT) technique that could be effective in treating individuals with a history of emotional failure. Cognitive-behavioral hypnotherapy
involves several basic methods, including relaxation, guided imaging, cognitive reconstruction, gradual desensitization, and hypnotic skills
training. Due to the emergence of essential problems in women with a history of emotional failure, this study aimed to determine the effects of
hypnotherapy on mindfulness and perceived stress in women with a history of emotional failure.
Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest and a control group design. The statistical population of this study was all
20- to 40-year-old women referring to counseling centers in Amol City, Iran, in 2017; of which, 30 individuals were randomly assigned to the
intervention (n=15) and control (n=15) groups. The study participants were selected by convenience sampling method after establishing the signs
of emotional failure. Ross's Emotional Damage questionnaire (1999), Perceived Stress Scale (Kohen et al, 1983), and Mindfulness Scale (Brown
& Rian, 2003) were used for data collection. The study subjects were then subjected to hypnotherapy for eight 2-hour weekly sessions. However,
the control group received no intervention. The above-mentioned questionnaires were completed in two stages; after the completion of
hypnotherapy and one month after the last session of hypnotherapy. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the achieved data.
Various descriptive statistics, such as frequency table, frequency percentage, mean, and standard deviation were used for descriptive analysis.
The Shapiro–Wilk test was used to examine the normal distribution of data. The repeated-measures Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was applied
to analyze the findings at the significance level of p<0.05.
Result: The repeated-measures ANOVA data suggested that 8 sessions of hypnotherapy training have increased the mindfulness scores in the
experimental group (F=130.00, p<0.001). Furthermore, 8 sessions of hypnotherapy training have led to a reduction of the perceived stress scores
in the experimental group (F=36.00, p<0.001). These results continued during the follow-up stage in the mind-reading (p<0.001) and perceived
stress (p<0.001) variables.
Conclusion: hypnotherapy improves mindfulness with mental relaxation training, increased awareness, acceptance, and desensitization. Besides,
it reduces perceived stress in women with a history of emotional breakdown by training diaphragmatic breathing, or deep breathing and
progressive relaxation. Therefore, this treatment is effective in improving mindfulness and reducing perceived stress in women with a history of emotional failure. Moreover, it effectively increases the quality of life in this population.
