كليدواژه :
بهزيستي روان شناختي , حمايت اجتماعي , راهبردهاي مقابله اي , سرطان
چكيده فارسي :
هدف و زمينه: در بين بيماري‌هاي مزمن دوران كودكي، سرطان شيوع زيادي داشته و علاوه‌بر زندگي كودك، خانواده را نيز درگير مي‌سازد. مطالعهٔ حاضر با هدف تعيين تأثير حمايت اجتماعي و راهبردهاي مقابله‌اي بر بهزيستي رواني مادران كودكان مبتلا به سرطان انجام شد.
روش‌بررسي: اين پژوهش به‌روش توصيفي و از نوع همبستگي بود. مطالعهٔ حاضر روي 96 نفر از مادران داراي يك‌كودك 1تا7ساله مبتلا به سرطان كه توانايي تكميل پرسشنامه را داشتند و جهت پيگيري‌هاي درماني به بيمارستان‌هاي حضرت علي‌اصغر(ع) و مفيد و مركز طبي كودكان تهران در سال 1394 مراجعه كردند، به‌روش نمونه‌گيري تصادفي انجام پذيرفت. داده‌ها با استفاده از پرسشنامه‌هاي بهزيستي روان‌شناختي ريف (1995) و حمايت اجتماعي فيليپس (1986) و راهبردهاي مقابله‌اي لازاروس (1974) جمع‌آوري شد. تجزيه‌وتحليل نتايج با آزمون‌هاي همبستگي پيرسون و رگرسيون چند‌گانه صورت گرفت.
يافته‌ها: نتايج حاصل از آزمون‌هاي همبستگي پيرسون و رگرسيون چندگانهٔ خطي، حاكي‌از تأثير مستقيم و معنادار حمايت اجتماعي و سبك مقابله‌اي مسئله‌مدار بر بهزيستي روان‌شناختي مادران كودكان مبتلا به سرطان بود (0٫001>p). ميزان همبستگي براي حمايت اجتماعي 0٫64 و براي سبك مقابلهٔ مسئله‌مدار 0٫68 به‌دست آمد. همچنين نتايج نشان داد كه حمايت اجتماعي و سبك مقابله‌اي مسئله‌مدار تقريباً 55 درصد از واريانس بهزيستي روان‌شناختي را تبيين مي‌كند؛ درحالي‌كه سبك مقابله‌اي هيجان‌مدار قادر به تبيين بهزيستي روان‌شناختي مادران نيست.
نتيجه‌گيري: بر‌اساس يافته‌هاي پژوهش راهبردهاي مقابله‌اي و حمايت اجتماعي بر بهزيستي روان‌شناختي مادران كودكان مبتلا به سرطان تأثير دارد.
چكيده لاتين :
Background & Objective: Among the chronic diseases of childhood, cancer has a high prevalence and after cardiovascular disease is the second most common cause of mortality in developed countries and the third most common cause of death in developing countries. Cancer in the family
involves other members of family too and causes a disruption to the patient's life plans and a family members and also challenges the entire family and endures many psychological and financial pressures that can be effect on their well–being. Since childhood cancers are life– threatening diseases, the role of parents, especially mothers, is increasingly being addressed as primary caregivers. The findings show that the
parents of children with cancer are at risk of physical and emotional health related to understanding the dissatisfaction with the condition of life
and lack of compliance; therefore, in addition to the patient with cancer, the patient's family should be taken care. Researchers believe that there
are moderating factors between parents' mental stress and childhood illness. Some characteristics can increase the ability of internal resistance
to mental stress in parents and prevent its consequences and disease. For example, effective coping strategies and social support can make a
person more responsive to psychological stress. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the effect of social support and coping strategies
on the psychological well–being of mothers of children with cancer.
Methods: This study was a descriptive and correlational study on 96 mothers with a 1–7 year–old child with cancer who were able to complete
the questionnaire and to follow up on treatment with the hospitals of Ali Asghar, Mofid and children medical center of Tehran in 2015, were
done by random sampling method. Data were collected using Rief's Psychological Well–Being Questionnaire (1995) with Cronbach's alpha 0.72
to 0.89, which includes 6 factors of self–acceptance, purposeful life, personal growth, positive relationship with others, autonomy, and
environmental domination, Social support of Philips (1986) with Cronbach's alpha 0.70, which includes three subscales of support received by
family, friends and others, and the Lazarus Coping Strategies Questionnaire (1974) with Cronbach's alpha 0.66 to 0.79 which have measured
two problem–oriented strategy subscales, problem–solving (Social Support seeking, a Responsibility, Tactful problem solving, and positive re–
evaluation) and the subscale of the excitement–oriented strategy (Confrontation, self–restraint, avoidance and escape–avoidance). The results
were analyzed using Pearson correlation and multiple regression tests.
Results: The results of Pearson correlation test and linear multiple regression showed that a significant direct effect of social support (0.64) and
problematic coping style (0.68) on psychological well–being of mothers of children with cancer (p<0.001). The results also showed that social
support and problem–solving style can explaining approximately 55% of the variance of psychological well–being, while the emotional coping
style cannot explaining the psychological well–being of mothers.
Conclusion: Based on the findings of the research, coping strategies and social support affected the psychological well–being of mothers of
children with cancer. Therefore we can improve psychological well–being of mothers of children with cancer through increasing social support and training problem focused strategy.
