پديد آورندگان :
صابري راد، احمد دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي، خمين، ايران - گروه مشاوره , حيدري، حسن دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي، خمين، ايران - گروه مشاوره , داوودي، حسين دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي، خمين، ايران - گروه مشاوره
كليدواژه :
اختلال رفتاري , تعامل , تنظيم هيجان , فرزند پروري
چكيده فارسي :
زمينه و هدف: مادران كودكان با اختلال رفتاري در تنظيم هيجان خويش و تعامل با فرزندشان با چالش‌هاي زيادي مواجه مي‌شوند. فرزندپروري نامناسب منجربه واكنش‌هاي هيجاني نامطلوب و تعامل نامناسب با كودك مي‌شود؛ بنابراين، پژوهش حاضر به‌‌منظور بررسي اثربخشي برنامهٔ فرزندپروري براساس مدل ساندرز بر تنظيم هيجان مادران و تعامل مادر و كودك با اختلال رفتاري انجام شد.
روش‌بررسي: پژوهش حاضر، مطالعه‌اي شبه‌آزمايشي با طرح پيش‌آزمون-پسآزمون و گروه كنترل بود. جامعهٔ آماري اين پژوهش را مادران كودكان با اختلال رفتاري شهرستان ورامين تشكيل دادند. آزمودني‌ها به‌روش نمونه‌گيري دردسترس انتخاب شدند؛ به‌نحوي‌كه اعضاي هر گروه پانزده نفر بود. براي گروه آزمايش، آموزش برنامهٔ فرزند پروري براساس مدل ساندرز در ده جلسه اجرا شد؛ درحالي‌كه گروه كنترل در اين جلسات شركت نكرد. ابزارهاي اين پژوهش پرسشنامهٔ تنظيم شناختي هيجان گارنفسكي و كرايج و مقياس رابطهٔ كودك-والد رابرت سي پيانتا بود. داده‌ها با استفاده از تحليل كوواريانس چندمتغيري در سطح معناداري 0٫05 تحليل شد.
يافته‌ها: نتايج تحليل كوواريانس چندمتغيري نشان داد كه آموزش برنامهٔ فرزندپروري براساس مدل ساندرز بر تنظيم هيجان در مادران و تعامل مادر و كودك با اختلال رفتاري در مرحلهٔ پسآزمون اثر معناداري دارد (0٫001>p). درواقع، آموزش برنامهٔ فرزندپروري براساس مدل ساندرز سبب بهبود تنظيم هيجان در مادران و تعامل مادر و كودك با اختلال رفتاري شده است.
نتيجه‌گيري: براساس يافته‌هاي پژوهش، برنامه‌ريزي براي آموزش برنامهٔ فرزندپروري براساس مدل ساندرز نقش مهمي در تنظيم هيجان مادران و تعامل مادر و كودك با اختلال رفتاري دارد.
چكيده لاتين :
Background & Objectives: Behavioral disorders are among the most frequent neurodevelopmental disorders and the common cause of children’s referrals to psychologists and health professionals. Adding to their behavioral problems, numerous children with behavioral disorders
encounter problems on interaction and relationship with their parents, siblings, and peers. The enduring nature of social reaction easily leads to social isolation. This is because children and adolescents with behavioral disorders have a few friends. Sometimes, they attempt onto the least
chance for interaction with others and set up a vicious circle. Parenting programs based on Sanders’ model of training seem to improve the
mother-child interaction and reduce behavioral problems of children with behavioral disorders. The parenting program based on Sander's model
of training has a considerable effect on the attitude of parents concerning their children; these children’s main behavioral problems regard their
interaction with parents. Parents, especially mothers of children with behavioral disorders, face numerous challenges in emotional reactions.
Inappropriate parenting could lead to improper emotional reactions and mother-child interactions. Therefore, the present study aimed to
determine the effects of a parenting program based on Sander's model of training on the emotion regulation of mothers and mother-child
interactions in children with behavioral disorders.
Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest and a control group design. The study participants were 30 mothers who
had children with behavioral disorders. They aged 35-45 years and the study was performed in the 2018-2019 academic year. They were from
the middle socioeconomical class. The study subjects were selected by convenience sampling method and from counselling clinic of Armaghan
in Varamin City, Iran. They were randomly divided into the experimental and control groups, each group consisting of 15 mothers. The
experimental group participated in the 10-session parenting program based on Sanders model of training (two 70-min weekly sessions); however,
no intervention was provided to the control group. The Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ) of Garnefski and Kraaij, and Child-
Parent Relationship Scale of Robert C. Piyanta were used for data collection. These scales were completed by the investigated mothers in pretest
and posttest phases (before & after the intervention provision). Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA) was used to analyze the
obtained data in SPSS (p<0.05).
Results: Initially, the normality of research variables and contingency of variance and covariance assumptions were tested. The Kolmogorov-
Smirnov test data suggested that all variables were distributed normally. Additionally, Box test results confirmed the contingency of variancecovariance
assumption. Accordingly, the assumptions of MANCOVA were confirmed and this test could be implemented for data analysis. The
MANCOVA findings reported that the experimental and control groups significantly differed in emotion regulation and mother-child interaction
at posttest (p<0.001). The MANCOVA results also revealed that the provided parenting program significantly influenced emotion regulation
and mother-child interaction in children with behavioral disorders (p<0.001). In other words, the presented parenting program significantly
improved emotion regulation strategies and mother-child interaction in children with behavioral disorders. It can be said that according to Eta
square 58%, 56%, and 55% of variations in variables such as on adjustment emotional regulation strategies, no adjustment emotional regulation
strategies of mothers and interaction of mother and child with behavioral disorder respectively, can be explained by the subjects’ participation
in parenting program based on sanders model training.
Conclusion: The parenting program based on Sanders model of training improved emotion regulation in the investigated mothers as well as
interaction of mother and child in the studied children with behavioral disorder. On the present research finding suggested that planning for such
training programs significantly impact the emotion regulation of mothers as well as the interaction of mother and child in children with behavioral disorder.
