بنيان‌هاي صلح و همزيستي در انديشه اسلامي با تاكيد بر ديدگاه امام خميني (ره)

The Elements of Peace and Coexistence in Islamic thoughts

اين مقاله به بررسي جايگاه صلح و جنگ در اسلام مي‌پردازد. گروهي از مسلمانان با استناد به آيات متعدد قرآن در مورد جهاد، بر اصالت جنگ در روابط با ديگران تأكيد دارند كه اين نوع نگاه را مي‌توان در بين جريانات سلفي تكفيري و وهابي جهادي و جرياناتي همچون القاعده و داعش بخوبي مشاهده كرد اما در مقابل اين نگرش، بخشي از متفكران مسلمان با نقد ديدگاه مذكور بر اصالت صلح در اسلام تاكيد مي كنند كه اين مقاله به بررسي بنيان‌هاي معرفتي كلامي، عرفاني و فقهي آنها مي‌پردازد.سؤال اصلي اين پژوهش آن است كه: اولويت دادن به صلح در انديشه متفكران مسلمان مبتني بر كدامين بنيان‌هاي نظري مي‌باشد؟ اين مقاله با روشي تحليلي تلاش مي‌كند به اين سؤال براساس انديشه‌هاي امام خميني به عنوان يك انديشمند بزرگ مسلمان، معمار و تئوريسين انقلاب اسلامي در ايران پاسخ دهد. يافته‌هاي اين پژوهش حاكي از آن است كه اصالت صلح مثبت و همزيستي مسالمت‌آميز در روابط بين‌المللي داراي بنيا‌ن‌هاي محكم انسان شناسانه، كلامي، عرفاني و فقهي در انديشه سياسي اسلام مي‌باشد.

In the world today the violet actions of Takfiri groups, which are happening by the label of Islam led to important consequences. These consequences not only were the reason for spreading violence and massacres against innocents, caused Islamophobia and greater violence ever against Muslims in some western countries. Theoretically, an important unanswered question attracts the attention is the relation of these actions to Islamic thoughts. In other words the most important question arises about communicating others in the field of political and international thoughts of Islam is whether the fundamental element of Muslim relations with others is based upon war or peace. Answering this question can solve many problems of Muslims in communication with others around the globe. There are two theories from Muslim thinkers in order to answer this question; a group of thinkers based on different verses of Quran on Jihad believe in the essence of war in relation with others. This attitude is highly visible amongst Salafi-Takfirists, Wahhabi-Jihadists and some infamous groups such as al-Qaida and ISIS. In contrast with the previous attitude a group of Muslim thinkers not only criticize the previous beliefs, but also insist on the essence of peace in relation with others. To prove his claim, the latter group used verses of Quran in which peace is highlighted as a superior issue in relations. The aim of this article is to review the foundations and the fundamentals, specifically anthropological, theological, mystical and juridical fundamentals of the second attitude. The main question this article wants to answer is: what are the theoretical foundations to prioritize peace in international relations based on Islamic political thoughts? The author used analytical and document-based approaches to answer this question.