مطالعه نقش كيفيت حكمراني خوب در رفاه عمومي (‌مورد مطالعه: كشورهاي عضو سازمان همكاري اسلامي و سازمان همكاري اقتصادي و توسعه)

The study of the role of quality of good governance in public welfare (Case study: OIC and OECD member countries)

هدف پژوهش حاضر مطالعه تاثير حكمراني خوب بر رفاه ملي است. روش تحقيق، تحليل ثانويه است و از داده‌هاي حكمراني خوب بانك جهاني و رفاه ملي موسسه لگاتيوم استفاده شده است. جامعه آماري پژوهش كشورهاي عضو سازمان همكاري اسلامي و عضو سازمان همكاري اقتصادي و توسعه است. براي تجزيه و تحليل اطلاعات از نرم‌افزار SPSS و آزمون‌ پيرسون و رگرسيون استفاده شده است. يافته‌هاي پژوهش بيانگر آن است كه در كشورهاي عضو همكاري اسلامي و عضو همكاري اقتصادي و توسعه بين حكمراني خوب و رفاه ملي همبستگي معنادار مستقيمي وجود دارد؛ به‌طوري‌كه شدت همبستگي در كشورهاي عضو سازمان همكاري اقتصادي و توسعه بيشتر از كشورهاي عضو سازمان همكاري اسلامي است. پس از كنترل هم‌خطي بين ابعاد حكمراني خوب، در بين كشورهاي عضو سازمان همكاري اقتصادي و توسعه از بين ابعاد شش‌گانه متغير حكمراني خوب، ابعاد كنترل فساد و كيفيت قوانين و مقرارت تاثير معنادار مستقيمي بر رفاه ملي دارد؛ به‌طوري كه اين دو متغير توانسته‌اند 90 درصد از تغييرات رفاه ملي را تبيين كنند. در بين كشورهاي عضو سازمان همكاري اسلامي، فقط بعد كارآمدي و اثربخشي دولت توانسته است تاثير معنادار مستقيمي بر رفاه ملي داشته باشد. همچنين كارآمدي و اثربخشي دولت با توجه به ضريب تبيين به‌دست آمده توانسته است 74 درصد از تغييرات رفاه ملي را تبيين كند. پس از تجميع همه مولفه‌هاي حكمراني در قالب يك متغير واحد به نام حكمراني خوب، اين متغير توانسته است در كشورهاي عضو همكاري اقتصادي و توسعه (0/94) و در بين كشورهاي عضو همكاري اسلامي (0/80) تاثير مستقيم معناداري داشته باشد.

One of the influential factors that differentiate between countries is welfare index. The promotion of public or national welfare is affected by various factors. In new development approaches, a model of good governance has been proposed to improve the national welfare. Therefore, the aim of this study is to study the impact of good governance on national welfare. The research method is secondary analysis and the available data of the good governance of the World Bank and the Legatum prosperity index have been used. The statistical population of the study includes the member countries of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (41 countries) and members of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (29 countries). SPSS software and Pearson correlation and regression tests were used to analyze the data. Findings indicate that among the countries of Islamic cooperation and economic cooperation and development, there is a significant direct correlation between good governance and national welfare; Thus, the intensity of solidarity in the member countries of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development is higher than that of the member countries of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation. Also, after controlling the alignment between the six dimensions of good governance, among the member countries of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, it was proved that the dimensions of corruption control and the quality of laws and regulations have a significant direct impact on national welfare so that these two variables have been able to explain 90% of the changes in national welfare. But among the member countries of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, only the dimension of efficiency and effectiveness of the government has had a significant direct impact on national welfare. Also, it was found that the efficiency and effectiveness of the government could explain 74% of the changes in national welfare. In addition, after collecting all the components of governance into a single variable called "good governance", it was proved that this variable was able to have a direct and significant impact 0.94 in the member countries of economic cooperation and development and 0.80 among the member states of Islamic cooperation