تبيين مفاهيم دوگانه (مستضعفين– مستكبرين) در منظومه فكري امام خميني و هويت‌يابي گفتمان انقلاب اسلامي ايران

Explanation of the Dichotomy of the “Oppressor-Oppressed” in Imam Khomeini’s Intellectual System and Identification of the Discourse of Islamic

برنامه‌هاي نوسازي متمركز دولتي گفتمان پهلوي دوم از آغاز دهه 1340، به دنبال تغيير ساخت قدرت اجتماعي - اقتصادي و سامان سياسي به طبقه جديد با ايدئولوژي مطابق با نظام معنايي تبليغي خود و نظارت بر گروه‌هاي منتقد با ايدئولوژي متضاد پياده گرديد. با رويكرد گفتمان انتقادي فركلاف مقاله حاضر مي‌كوشد به تبيين مفاهيم دوگانه مستضعفين – مستكبرين در منظومه فكري امام خميني و دولت آرماني مورد نظر ايشان بپردازد. امام خميني (ره) با توصيف گفتار حكومت متناسب با سنن مذهبي كوشيد در متن جامعه رفتارهاي سياسي گفتمان حاكم را متضاد با فرهنگ ديني رايج معرفي كند و زمينه‌­هاي حركت انقلابي را مهيا سازد. با تفسير ژانرهاي مستضعفين (اكثريت مردم)و مستكبرين(گروه حاكم) به عنوان نشانگان رايج در متن جامعه ايران و با دو قطبي‌سازي جامعه براساس متون ديني و تشبيه گروه حاكم با نمادهاي منفور در حيات سياسي و ديني به نفي رقيب حاكم مبادرت كرد و الگوي حكومت اسلامي و زعامت ولي‌فقيه سياسي را به عنوان يك آلترناتيو مطلوب براي جامعه بازتفسير و محقق نمايد.

The concentrated governmental reform programs during the discourse of Pahlavi II (1960s) took place upon a shift of social-economic power and political contour to the newly-emerged class with an ideology conforming to its semantic-propagandistic system as well as monitoring the groups of critics with opposite ideology. This paper, through employing Fairclough’s critical discourse analysis, is an attempt to explain the dichotomy of the oppressor-oppressed in Imam Khomeini’s intellectual system and his ideal form of government. Explaining the established government’s words based on religious traditions, Imam Khomeini tried to show how political behaviors of the hegemonic discourse in the society were against the prevailing religious culture. He thus paved the way for a revolutionary movement. He interpreted the genres of the oppressed (majority of the people) and the oppressors (the ruling class) as the two prevailing signs in the context of Iranian society, bipolarized the society based on religious texts and explained the assimilation of the ruling class to the symbols of evil in political and religious system, and embarked on rejecting the ruling rival class. Imam Khomeini then introduced, interpreted and materialized a model of Islamic rule and the leadership of political jurisprudent as a desirable alternative to the existing system.