اثربخشي درمان ذهن آگاهي مبتني بر كاهش استرس بر احساس تنهايي و اعتياد به اينترنت دانش آموزان

Effectiveness of Stress-Based Mindfulness Therapy on the Students' Feelings of Loneliness and Internet Addiction

ﭼﮑﯿﺪه ﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪ و ﻫﺪف: ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﺪرنﺗﺮﯾﻦ رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎي اﻋﺘﯿﺎدﮔﻮﻧﻪ، ﭘﺪﯾﺪه اﻋﺘﯿﺎد ﺑﻪ اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻌﯿﺎرﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﻫﻤﭽﻮن ﮔﻮﺷﻪﮔﯿﺮي، اﻓﺴﺮدﮔﯽ، ﺗﻨﻬﺎﯾﯽ و اﺿﻄﺮاب ﻫﻤﺮاه اﺳﺖ. ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺸﯽ درﻣﺎن ذﻫﻦآﮔﺎﻫﯽ ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ اﺳﺘﺮس ﺑﺮ اﺣﺴﺎس ﺗﻨﻬﺎﯾﯽ و اﻋﺘﯿﺎد ﺑﻪ اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﻣﻮاد و روشﻫﺎ: ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻧﯿﻤﻪآزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ از ﻧﻮع ﻃﺮح ﭘﯿﺶآزﻣﻮن و ﭘﺲآزﻣﻮن ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮوه ﮔﻮاه ﺑﻮد. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان ﭘﺴﺮ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻄﻪ اول ﺷﻬﺮ ﺑﯿﺮﺟﻨﺪ در ﺳﺎل 1399-1400 ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. از ﺑﯿﻦ اﻓﺮاد واﺟﺪ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ، 40 ﻧﻔﺮ ﺑﻪ روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي در دﺳﺘﺮس اﻧﺘﺨﺎب و ﺑﻪﻃﻮر ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ در دو ﮔﺮوه 20 ﻧﻔﺮي آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ و ﮔﻮاه ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺰﯾﻦ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ در 8 ﺟﻠﺴﻪ آﻣﻮزش درﻣﺎن ذﻫﻦآﮔﺎﻫﯽ ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ اﺳﺘﺮس ﮐﺎﺑﺎت زﯾﻦ ﺷﺮﮐﺖ ﮐﺮدﻧﺪ، اﻣﺎ ﮔﺮوه ﮔﻮاه ﻫﯿﭻ ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪاي درﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﻧﮑﺮد. اﺑﺰار ﮔﺮدآوري اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﭘﺮﺳﺶﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎي اﺣﺴﺎس ﺗﻨﻬﺎﯾﯽ راﺳﻞ و ﻫﻤﮑﺎران و اﻋﺘﯿﺎد ﺑﻪ اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﯾﺎﻧﮓ ﺑﻮد. دادهﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ، اﻧﺤﺮاف ﻣﻌﯿﺎر و آزﻣﻮن ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﮐﻮوارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﭼﻨﺪﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮه و ﺗﮏﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮه در ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري 0/05= α ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪوﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد درﻣﺎن ذﻫﻦآﮔﺎﻫﯽ ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ اﺳﺘﺮس ﺑﻪﻃﻮر ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ اﺣﺴﺎس ﺗﻨﻬﺎﯾﯽ و اﻋﺘﯿﺎد ﺑﻪ اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ در داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان ﺷﺪ )0/001

Background and Objectives: One of the most modern addictive behaviors is the phenomenon of Internet addiction, which is associated with criteria, such as withdrawal, depression, loneliness, and anxiety. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of stress-based mindfulness therapy on the students' feelings of loneliness and Internet addiction. Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted based on a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population of the study included all male high school students in Birjand in 2020-21. In total, 40 eligible individuals were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly divided into two groups of experimental (n=20) and control (n=20). The experimental group participated in eight sessions of mindfulness therapy training based on Kabat Zayn stress reduction. On the other hand, the control group did not receive any intervention. Data collection tools included the Russell et al. and Young Internet Addiction Questionnaire. The obtained data were then analyzed using mean±SD, multivariate, and univariate analysis of covariance at the significance level of α=0.05. Results: The results showed that stress-based mindfulness therapy significantly reduced the students' feelings of loneliness and Internet addiction (P<0.001). Conclusions: According to the results of the study, stress-based mindfulness therapy can be used as a complementary therapy along with other therapies to improve loneliness and reduce students' Internet addiction.