پديد آورندگان :
عابدين زاده، عليرضا دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد دهاقان، دهاقان، ايران - گروه جامعه شناسي , محمدي، اصغر دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد دهاقان، دهاقان، ايران - گروه جامعه شناسي , جهانبخش، اسماعيل دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد دهاقان، دهاقان، ايران - گروه جامعه شناسي
چكيده لاتين :
Background & Objectives: Cultural traditions in Iran, more than other aspects of social life, have undergone changes; accordingly, some social developments have facilitated the emergence of social groups with different viewpoints and aspirations. Social changes induced by modernization
have altered the kinds of children’s expectations from their parents. The family institution is in a state of crisis; not only parents are unable to meet their children's new expectations, but also there is no substitute for their children's new expectations. Such conditions also lead to family
crises and the inability of parents to meet their children's expectations of them. The present world has raised the level of social awareness and
public literacy, and concurrently, elevated and varied the level of children’s expectations from their parents. The present study aimed to explore
the relationship between adolescents' sense of relative deprivation and their expectations of their parents.
Methods: This was a cross–sectional and correlational study. The statistical population of the study included all adolescents in South Khorasan
Province, Iran, aged 13–18 years (according to the 2016 family statistics, i.e., about 75561 adolescents). In this study, Krejcie and Morgan’s
table (1970) was used to estimate the sample size (N=384). However, to ensure the adequacy of the sample size and given the potential sample
dropout, the sample size was increased to 580 subjects. The study participants were selected using a stratified sampling method. The inclusion
criteria of the present study included being a student (seventh, eighth, ninth, 10th, 11th, & 12th grades) in South Khorasan Province and desire to
participate in the study. The provision of incomplete questionnaires was also considered as the exclusion criterion of the study. Data collection
tools were Questionnaire of Children's Expectations of Parents, the Rate of Childbearing (Naseri et al., 2016), and the Level of Relative
Deprivation Questionnaire (Rastegar Khaled et al., 2014). Data analysis was performed using SPSS at descriptive and analytical levels.
Descriptive statistics, including frequency and percentage, were employed for nominal and ranking variables. In analytical statistics, to compare
the expectations of respondents from their parents by gender and their educational level, a t–test was implemented. Besides, the effect of the
independent variable was estimated by the Pearson correlation coefficient. The significance level was set at 0.05 and the confidence level was
considered 95%.
Results: The present research findings indicated that the mean±SD score of children’s expectations from their parents was measured as
47.30±12.56. The mean±SD score of adolescents' expectations from parents was higher in the economic dimension (14.86±2.17) and lower in
the political dimension (10.27±1.32), compared to the other dimensions. The mean±SD score of respondents' expectations from parents in social
dimension (13.52±2.24) and cultural dimension (12.02±1.67) was also calculated. The mean±SD expectations of male students (63.44±17.64)
from their parents were higher than those of their female counterparts (58.34±14.05). Furthermore, the expectations of the tenth, 11th, and 12th–
grade students (62.09±15.47) were higher than those of the seventh, eighth, and ninth–grade students (60.27±12.03). The mean±SD score of
relative deprivation among the explored subjects was equal to 17.24±1.70. There was an inverse relationship between the sense of relative
deprivation and expectations from parents in the study participants (r=–0.294, p=0.001). In other words, the higher the relative deprivation among
adolescents, the lower the expectations of their parents. There was a significant and inverse relationship between the degree of the study subjects’
relative deprivation and all 4 dimensions of children's expectations of parents, including cultural (r=–0.285, p<0.001), economic (r=–0.321,
p=0.013), political (r=–0.236, p=0.001), and social (r=–0.154, p=0.003); however, the inverse correlation of the economic dimension was greater
than the other 3 dimensions.
Conclusion: Considering the inverse relationship between the sense of relative deprivation and expectations from parents in the study
participants, an important approach to respond to the adolescent’s expectations is to improve their economic condition and reduce their relative deprivation through socioeconomic development.
