پديد آورندگان :
عزالدين، فريبا دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد سمنان، سمنان، ايران - گروه روان شناسي , رحيميان بوگر، اسحاق دانشگاه سمنان، سمنان، ايران - گروه روان شناسي باليني , معاضديان، آمنه دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد سمنان، سمنان، ايران - گروه روان شناسي , ستوده اصل، نعمت دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد سمنان، سمنان، ايران - گروه روان شناسي
چكيده فارسي :
زمينه و هدف: با توجه به ماهيت پيچيدۀ روابط زناشويي و تأثير هيجان‌ها، نيازها، ترس‌ها و دلبستگي بر روابط زوج‌ها، ضروري است مداخلات مؤثري براي كمك به زوج‌ها انجام شود؛ بنابراين هدف از انجام پژوهش حاضر، بررسي اثربخشي درمان هيجان‌مدار بر شادكامي زناشويي و عملكرد جنسي زوجين بود.
روش بررسي: روش پژوهش نيمه‌آزمايشي با طرح پيش‌آزمون و پس‌آزمون و پيگيري با گروه گواه بود. جامعهٔ آماري را تمامي زوجين شهر تهران در سال 1398 تشكيل دادند كه از بين آن‌ها سي زوج به‌روش نمونه‌گيري دردسترس انتخاب شدند. سپس به‌صورت تصادفي در گروه آزمايش (پانزده زوج) و گروه گواه (پانزده زوج) قرار گرفتند. داده‌ها با استفاده از شاخص عملكرد جنسي زنان (روزن و همكاران، 2000)، شاخص بين‌المللي ارزيابي عملكرد جنسي مردان (روزن و همكاران، 1997) و مقياس شادماني زناشويي (آزرين و همكاران، 1973) جمع‌آوري شد. گروه آموزش درمان هيجان‌مدار را براساس بستۀ آموزشي جانسون و همكاران (1999) طي يازده جلسهٔ دوساعته دريافت كرد؛ درحالي‌كه براي گروه گواه مداخله‌اي ارائه نشد. براي تحليل داده‌ها از آزمون تحليل واريانس با اندازه‌گيري مكرر و آزمون تعقيبي بونفروني در نرم‌‌افزار SPSS نسخۀ 22 به‌كار رفت. سطح معناداري آزمون‌ها 0٫05 در نظر گرفته شد.
يافته‌ها: نتايج نشان داد كه درمان هيجان‌مدار موجب بهبود نمرات شادكامي زناشويي، عملكرد جنسي مردان و عملكرد جنسي زنان در گروه آزمايش شد (0٫001>p)؛ همچنين اثربخشي زوج‌درماني هيجان‌مدار در مرحلهٔ پيگيري براي دو متغير شادكامي و عملكرد جنسي مردان افزايش معناداري داشت (0٫001>p)؛ اما براي متغير عملكرد جنسي زنان ماندگار بود (0٫486=p).
نتيجه‌گيري: براساس يافته‌هاي اين پژوهش، درمان هيجان‌مدار روشي مؤثر براي افزايش شادكامي زناشويي و عملكرد جنسي زوجين است.
چكيده لاتين :
Background & Objectives: Marriage and specifically emotional exchange between couples is among the strongest positive emotions and can increase their happiness. Marital Happiness (MH) is the main factor in predicting overall happiness in men and women. Given the complex nature of marital relationships and the effects of emotions, needs, fears, and attachments on couples' relationships, it is essential to develop effective interventions to help couples. Furthermore, numerous couples seek help from couple therapists and family counselors due to problems related to MH and Sexual Functioning (SF). Therefore, to treat and solve marital problems, effective methods on MH and SF should be revived.
This study aimed to survey the effects of Emotion–Focused Therapy (EFT) on MH and SF.
Methods: This was a quasi–experimental study with a pretest–posttest–follow–up and a control group design. The statistical population of the
present study consisted of all couples in Tehran City, Iran, in 2019. The study participants were selected by the convenience sampling method.
The sample size was calculated by G*Power software. The required number of samples was calculated based on similar studies, considering the
effect size of 0.40, confidence level of 0.95, test power of 0.80, and the rate of loss of 10% per group of 15 subjects. The study samples included
30 couples who obtained scores below the cut–off point in the questionnaires, including the Female Sexual Function Index (score 26), the
International Index of Erectile Function (lower than score 35), and the Marital Happiness Scale (score 50). The study participants who met the
inclusion/exclusion criteria of the research were recruited from psychology clinics and randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups
(n=15 couples/group). The study groups were matched in terms of age, gender, and educational level. The inclusion criteria of the research were
couples who have been married for 3–10 years; a minimum diploma education; no biopsychological problems, and volunteering to participate
in the research. Besides, the exclusion criterion was the non–observance of the group rules, i.e., stated in the first session and absence from >1
sessions. The research tools were conducted in pretest, posttest, and follow–up phases. After completing the pretest, the intervention group
received 11 two–hour weekly sessions based on Johnson et al.’s (1999) training package; however, the controls received no intervention during
this period. The repeated–measures Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni posthoc test were used in SPSS for data analysis. The
significance level of the tests was set at 0.05.
Results: The obtained results indicated that the ANOVA data of MH was significant for time effect (p<0.001) and group effect (p<0.001) and
the effect size of a group intervention for MH equaled 0.64; Additionally, ANOVA data of male’s SF for time effect (p<0.001) and group effect
(p<0.001) was significant and the effect of a group intervention for male SF was measured as 0.44. Additionally, ANOVA data of female’s SF
was significant for time effect (p<0.001) and group effect (p<0.001), and the effect size of a group intervention for female’s SF was equal to
0.59. Thus, MH and SF of men and women suggested a significant difference between the experimental and control groups during the research
stages, which indicated the effect of the intervention. Furthermore, the posttest scores of MH in the experimental group were higher than those
of the pretest (p<0.001). The follow–up scores of MH were significantly different from those of the pretest and posttest stages (p<0.001).
Moreover, the posttest scores of male’s SF in the experimental group were higher than that of the pretest (p<0.001). Male’s SF follow–up scores
were significantly different from those of the pretest and posttest stages (p<0.001). Additionally, the posttest scores of female’s SF in the
experimental group were lower than those in the pretest (p<0.001). Female’s SF scores of the follow–up stage were significantly different from
the pretest stage (p<0.001); however, no significant difference was observed between the posttest and follow–up stages (p=0.486). The collected
results signified the effectiveness of EF couple therapy in the follow–up phase concerning MH and SF, i.e., significantly increased and continued.
However, it remained stable for women's SF.
Conclusion: Based on the present study findings, EFT is an effective method to increase MH and SF in couples. Therefore, it is recommended that counselors and therapists use EF couple therapy to improve MH and SF in couples.
