اثرات منابع مختلف سلنيوم جيره (سلنيت سديم، سلنومتيونين و نانوسلنيوم) بر رشد، ايمني و خون‌شناسي بچه‌ماهيان تمام ماده تريپلوئيد قزل‌آلاي رنگين‌كمان (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Effects of different sources of selenium (sodium selenite, selenomethionine, and nanosilicon) on growth, immune and hematology of the whole mono-sex triploid rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss

اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﻪﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ اﺛﺮات ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺳﻠﻨﯿﻮم ﺑﺮ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي رﺷﺪ، ﺑﻘﺎ، ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي اﯾﻤﻨـﯽ و ﺧﻮنﺷﻨﺎﺳـﯽ ﻣﺎﻫﯿـﺎن ﺗﻤـﺎم ﻣـﺎده ﺗﺮﯾﭙﻠﻮﺋﯿﺪ ﻗﺰلآﻻي رﻧﮕﯿﻦﮐﻤﺎن اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. 10 ﺟﯿﺮه ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﻠﻨﯿﻮم ﻣﻌﺪﻧﯽ )ﺳﻠﻨﯿﺖ ﺳﺪﯾﻢ(، ﺳﻠﻨﯿﻮم آﻟﯽ )ﺳﻠﻨﻮﻣﺘﯿﻮﻧﯿﻦ( و ﻧﺎﻧﻮﺳﻠﻨﯿﻮم ﺑـﺎ ﻣﻘـﺪار ﺻـﻔﺮ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ(، 0/1 )ﺗﯿﻤﺎر 1(، 0/5 )ﺗﯿﻤﺎر 2( و 1 )ﺗﯿﻤﺎر 3( ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔﺮم در ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﺟﯿﺮه ﻏﺬاﯾﯽ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﺑﻌـﺪ از 8 ﻫﻔﺘـﻪ ﺗﻐﺬﯾـﻪ ﻣﯿـﺰان وزن ﻧﻬـﺎﯾﯽ در ﺗﯿﻤﺎر 0/5 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔﺮم در ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﻧﺎﻧﻮﺳﻠﻨﯿﻮم ﺑﯿﺶﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺪار را داﺷﺖ. ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﯾﻦ درﺻﺪ ﺿﺮﯾﺐ رﺷﺪ وﯾﮋه ) 4/60±0/24( ﻧﯿﺰ در ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺎن ﺗﻐﺬﯾﻪ ﺷﺪه ﺑــﺎ ﺟﯿــﺮه 0/5 ﻣﯿﻠــﯽﮔــﺮم در ﮐﯿﻠــﻮﮔﺮم ﻧﺎﻧﻮﺳــﻠﻨﯿﻮم ﻣﺸــﺎﻫﺪه ﺷــﺪ. ﭘــﺎﯾﯿﻦﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺿــﺮﯾﺐ ﺗﺒــﺪﯾﻞ ﻏــﺬاﯾﯽ )0/71±0/023( و ﺑﯿﺶﺗــﺮﯾﻦ اﻓــﺰاﯾﺶ وزن )41/99±1/36 ﮔﺮم( ﻧﯿﺰ در ﻫﻤﯿﻦ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮوه ﺷﺎﻫﺪ اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار داﺷﺖ )0/05P(. ﻣﯿـﺰان ﻫﻤﺎﺗﻮﮐﺮﯾﺖ در ﻫﯿﭻ ﯾﮏ از ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎ اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮوه ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻧﺪاد )0/05>P(. ﻣﯿﺰان اﯾﻤﻮﻧﻮﮔﻠﻮﺑﻮﻟﯿﻦ در ﺗﻤﺎم ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎ در ﻫـﺮ ﺳـﻪ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺗﻐﺬﯾﻪاي ﺑﺎ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار داﺷﺖ )0/05

This study was carried out to compare the effects of different sources of selenium on growth, survival, and some immunological and hematological parameters of whole female triploid of rainbow trout (Onchorhynchus mykiss). 10 diets prepared including selenium (selenium sodium), selenium (selenomethionine) and nano-selenium with 0 (control), 0.1 (treatment 1), 0.5 (treatment 2) and 1 (treatment 3) mg/kg diet. After 8 weeks of feeding, the highest weight observed in 0.5 mg/kg. The highest specific growth factor (4.26 ± 0.24) observed in fish fed 0.5 mg nanoselenium/kg of diet. The lowest feed conversion ratio (0.71 ± 023) and the highest weight gain (41.99 ± 1.36) g were observed in 0.5 mg nanoselenium/kg of diet, which was significantly different with the control group (P<0.05). Feeding treatments with nano-selenium also produced the best feed conversion ratio (P<0.05). Nanoselenium and selenium treatments had significant differences in red and white blood cells, hemoglobin and lysozyme compared to control group (P<0.05); However, this difference was not observed in treatments fed with selenium (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in hematocrit in all treatments compared to the control group (P<0.05). Immunoglobulin level was significantly different in all treatments compared to control group (P<0.05). The highest concentration of immunoglobulin was observed in 1 mg nanoselenium/kg of diet. Results showed that addition of nanoselenium up to 0.5 mg/kg of diet resulted in a good proportion of growth indices, survival, and some blood and immune factors in the fry of the whole female mono-sex triploid rainbow trout.