آنزيم‌هاي سرم خون و سيستم آنتي‌اكسيداني كبد ماهيان كفال خاكستري (Mugil cephalus) تغذيه شده با سطوح مختلف مخمر نانوايي (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)

Blood serum enzymes and antioxidant system of liver in grey mullet, Mugil cephalus Linnaeus 1758, fed with different levels of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast

اﺧﯿﺮا اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﭘﺮوﺑﯿﻮﺗﯿﮏﻫﺎ ﺑﻪﻣﻨﻈﻮر اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ و اﯾﻤﻨﯽ آﺑﺰﯾﺎن ﻣﻮرد ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﻟﺬا ﻫﺪف از ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ، ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﺳﻄﻮح ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﺨﻤﺮ ﻧﺎﻧﻮاﯾﯽ )Saccharomyces cerevisiae( ﺑﺮ آﻧﺰﯾﻢﻫﺎي ﺳﺮم ﺧﻮن )آﻟﮑﺎﻟﯿﻦ ﻓﺴﻔﺎﺗﺎز )ALP(، آﺳﭙﺎرﺗﺎت اﺳﭙﺎرﺗﺎت آﻣﯿﻨﻮﺗﺮاﻧﺴﻔﺮاز )AST( وآﻻﻧﯿﻦ آﻣﯿﻨﻮﺗﺮاﻧﺴﻔﺮاز )ALT(( و ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ آﻧﺘﯽ اﮐﺴﯿﺪاﻧﯽ ﮐﺒﺪ )ﺳﻮﭘﺮاﮐﺴﯿﺪاز دﯾﺴﻤﻮﺗﺎز )SOD(، ﮔﻠﻮﺗﺎﺗﯿﻮن ﭘﺮاﮐﺴﯿﺪاز )GPX(، ﻣﺎﻟﻮنديآﻟﺪﺋﯿﺪ )MDA( و ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻻز )CAT(( ﻣﺎﻫﯽ ﮐﻔﺎل ﺧﺎﮐﺴﺘﺮي )Mugil cephalus ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت 60 روز ﺑﻮد. اﯾﻦ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺑﻪﺻﻮرت ﻃﺮح ﮐﺎﻣﻼ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ 4 ﺗﯿﻤﺎر و ﻫﺮ ﯾﮏ در 3 ﺗﮑﺮار ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﺷﺪ. ﻣﺨﻤﺮ ﺳﺎﮐﺎرﻣﺎﯾﺴﯿﺲ ﺳﺮوزﯾﺎ در 3 ﺳﻄﺢ 4 ،2 و 6 درﺻﺪ وزن ﻏﺬا ﺑﻪ ﺟﯿﺮه ﻏﺬاﯾﯽ ﭘﺎﯾﻪ اﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﯾﮏ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺑﺪون اﻓﺰودن ﻣﺨﻤﺮ ﺑﻌﻨﻮان ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺷﺎﻫﺪ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺎن ﮐﻔﺎل-ﺧﺎﮐﺴﺘﺮي ﺑﺎ وزن اوﻟﯿﻪ 5/56 ﮔﺮم ﺑﻪﺻﻮرت ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ در 12 ﻣﺨﺰن ﻓﺎﯾﺒﺮ ﮔﻼس 60 ﻟﯿﺘﺮي ﺑﺎ ﺗﻌﺪاد 20 ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﯽ در ﻫﺮ ﻣﺨﺰن ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. در ﭘﺎﯾﺎن دوره آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ، ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ آﻧﺰﯾﻢﻫﺎي SOD CAT و ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ آﻧﺰﯾﻢﻫﺎي ALT وALP و ﻣﯿﺰان MDA در ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺣﺎوي 6 درﺻﺪ ﻣﺨﻤﺮ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻘﯿﻪ ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎ داراي ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار ﺑﻮد )0/05

The potential use of dietary probiotics to enhance the immunity and health of aquatic animal’s hasrecently attracted intensive attention. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different levels of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast on blood serum enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP)) and antioxidant systems (Superoxidase dismutase (SOD), Glutathione peroxidase (GPX), Malondialdehyde (MDA) catalase (CAT)) in grey mullet, Mugil cephalus for 60 days. This experiment was designed as a completely random design in four treatments and each in three replicates. S.cerevisiae was added to the basic food in three rations of 2, 4 and 6 %, of the food weight. Also a treatment without S. cerevisiaewas chosen as control. Grey mullet with an initial weight of 5.56g were randomly distributed on 12 fiberglass tanks of 60Ll with twenty fish in each tank. At the end of the experiment, the results showed that the highest activity of CAT, SOD, and the lowest activity of ALT, ALP enzymes and MDA level were observed in group containing 6% of yeast that had significant difference with other treatments (P<0.05). The results of this study showed that S.cerevisiae yeast had desirable effects on the amount of serum enzyme activities and antioxidant systems of liver of M. cephalus