پديد آورندگان :
دهشيبي، رضا دانشگاه سيستان و بلوچستان , شيرزادي، فاطمه دانشگاه زابل - دانشكده آب و خاك - گروه مهندسي آب , خاشعي سيوكي، عباس دانشگا بيرجند - دانشكدۀ كشاورزي - گرو علوم و مهندسي آب
كليدواژه :
درون‌يابي , زمين‌آمار , شبيه‌سازي گاوسي , فلزات سنگين , كيفيت آب
چكيده فارسي :
ﺷﺒﯿﻪﺳﺎزي در ﺟﺮﯾﺎن آبﻫﺎي زﯾﺮزﻣﯿﻨﯽ ﻣﺼﺎرف ﮐﺸﺎورزي و دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ ﺑﻪ آﺑﻬﺎي زﯾﺮزﻣﯿﻨﯽ ﺑﺎ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ﺑﺎﻻ از اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﺑﺴﺰاﯾﯽ ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار اﺳﺖ. در ﺑﺴﯿﺎري از ﮐﺸﻮرﻫﺎي ﺧﺸﮏ ﺟﻬﺎن و ﺑﻪ ﺧﺼﻮص اﯾﺮان، اﺻﻠﯽ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺗﺄﻣﯿﻦ آب، ذﺧﺎﯾﺮ آب زﯾﺮزﻣﯿﻨﯽ اﺳﺖ. اﯾـ ﻦ ﭘـﮋوﻫﺶ، ﺑـﺎ ﺑﻬـﺮه ﮔﯿـﺮي از ﺗﺤﻠﯿـ ﻞ ﻫـ ﺎي زﻣﯿﻦ آﻣﺎر، ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮات زﯾﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺳﻨﮕﯿﻦ ﻣﻌﺪن ﺳﻨﮓ آﻫﻦ ﮔﻞ ﮔﻠﻬﺮ ﺳﯿﺮﺟﺎن، ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺪﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻓﻠـﺰات ﺳـﻨﮕ ﯿﻦ )آﻫـﻦ، ﻣﺲ، ﮐﺮوم، ﮐﺎدﻣﯿﻢ، آﻧﺘﯿﻤﻮان، آرﺳﻨﯿﮏ(، از 115 ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ آب زﯾﺮزﻣﯿﻨﯽ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺮداري ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺳﭙﺲ ﺑﺎ رﺳﻢ ﻧﻤﻮدار ﻫﯿﺴـﺘﻮﮔﺮام ﺑـﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳـ ﯽ آﻣـﺎر ﻣﻘـﺪﻣﺎﺗ ﯽ و اﻃﻼﻋﺎت اﮐﺘﺸﺎﻓﯽ ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯽ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از داده ﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﻧﯿﻢ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ ﻧﻤﺎي ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ ﻫﺮﯾﮏ از ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار isatis
ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﺪ و ﺑﺎ ﻣﺪل ﻫﺎي ﮔﺎوﺳﯿﻦ، ﮐﺮوي، ﺧﻄﯽ و ﻧﻤﺎﯾﯽ، ﺑﺮازش داده ﺷﺪ. ﺑﻌﺪ از اﻧﺠﺎم وارﯾﻮﮔﺮﻓﯽ، ﺷﺒﯿﻪ ﺳﺎزي ﮔﺎوﺳﯽ ﻣﺘﻮاﻟﯽ در ﻣﺪل ﺑﻠﻮﮐﯽ ﺗﻬﯿـ ﻪ ﺷـﺪه در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻣﻮردﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ در 100 ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم و ﻧﻘﺸﻪ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﺷﺒﯿﻪ ﺳﺎزي ﮔﺎوﺳﯽ ﻫﺮ ﯾﮏ از ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي ﻣﺬﮐﻮر ﺗﻬﯿﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﻋﻼوه ﺑﺮ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﭘﯿﻮﺳﺘﮕﯽ ﻣﮑـﺎﻧ ﯽ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎ، ﻧﻘﺸﻪ اﺣﺘﻤﺎل و ﻋﺪم ﻗﻄﻌﯿﺖ، ﻃﺒﻖ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد آب آﺷﺎﻣﯿﺪﻧﯽ EPA ﺗﻬﯿﻪ و ﻧﻘﺎﻃﯽ ﮐﻪ در آن ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻓﻠﺰات ﺳﻨﮕﯿﻦ در ﺣﺪ ﻣﺠﺎز آب آﺷﺎﻣﯿﺪﻧﯽ و ﯾـ ﺎ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ از ﺣﺪ آﺳﺘﺎﻧﻪ ﻣﺠﺎز ﺑﻮد، ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺻﺤﺖﺳﻨﺠﯽ دراﻧﺘﻬﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﺷﺒﯿﻪﺳﺎزي و ﻣﻘﺎدﯾﺮاﺻﻠﯽ ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﻧﺸـﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺧﻄﺮ آﻟﻮدﮔﯽ ﻓﻠﺰات ﺳﻨﮕﯿﻦ آﻫﻦ، ﻣﺲ، آرﺳﻨﯿﮏ و ﮐﺮوم، ﻃﺒﻖ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد آب آﺷﺎﻣﯿﺪﻧﯽ EPA، ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﻌﺪﻧﯽ ﺳﻨﮓ آﻫﻦ ﮔﻞ ﮔﻬـﺮ، و ﭼﺎه دراز، در ﮐﻔﻪ ﻧﻤﮏ ﺧﯿﺮآﺑﺎد و ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻗﻄﺎرﺑﻨﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ¬ﻫﺎ ﺑﺮ روي ﻋﻨﺼﺮآﻧﺘﯿﻤﻮان ﻧﺸﺎن داد، ﺑﺨﺶ ﻋﻤﺪه اي از ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ آب زﯾﺮزﻣﯿﻨﯽ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ آﻟﻮده، ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﻋﻨﺼﺮ اﺳﺖ و ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﺣﺪ ﻣﺠـ ﺎز EPA ﻗﺎﺑـﻞ ﺷـﺮب ﻧ ﯿﺴـﺘﻨﺪ . آبﻫـﺎي زﯾﺮزﻣﯿﻨـ ﯽ در ﻧﻘـﺎط KH3 ،KH2 ،KH1 و CHD20 ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﮐﺎدﻣﯿﻢ را داﺷﺘﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻧﻘﺸﻪﻫﺎي اﺣﺘﻤﺎل ﻫﺮﯾﮏ ازﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺗﻬﯿﻪ ﺷد
چكيده لاتين :
Simulation in groundwater flow is important for agricultural use and access to high quality groundwater.In many arid countries of the world, especially Iran, the main source of water supply is groundwater reserves.This study, using geostatistical analyzes, has investigated the environmental effects of heavy elements of Gol Gohar Goljan iron ore mine in Sirjan.For this purpose, heavy metal elements (iron, copper, chromium, cadmium, antimony, arsenic) were sampled from 115 groundwater samples.Then, by drawing a histogram, preliminary statistics and exploratory-spatial information obtained from the data of the study area were examined.The experimental half-change of each parameter was calculated using isatis software and fitted with Gaussian, spherical, linear and exponential models.After variography, Gaussian simulation in a block model prepared in the study area was performed 100 times and the map obtained from Gaussian simulation of each of the mentioned variables was prepared. In addition to examining the spatial coherence of the variables, the probability and uncertainty map was prepared according to the EPA drinking water standard and the points where the concentration of heavy metals was within the allowable drinking water limit or above the threshold were determined. The validation results were finally compared with the simulation results and the original values. The results of the studies showed that the highest risk of contamination of heavy metals iron, copper, arsenic and chromium, according to the EPA drinking water standard, is related to Gol Gohar iron ore mineral areas and long wells in Kefahnamak, Khairabad and Qatarbaneh area. Also, the results of studies on the element antimony showed that most of the groundwater resources in the study area are contaminated with this element and are not drinkable according to the EPA limit. Groundwater at points KH1, KH2, KH3 and CHD20 had the highest concentration of cadmium, and probability maps of each element were prepared.
