كليدواژه :
تاب آوري , مناطق ويژه , شهرستان زهك , مناطق مرزي , پهنه‌بندي جغرافيايي
چكيده فارسي :
تاب‌آوري بخصوص در مناطق ويژه كه از اهميت و حساسيت خاصي برخوردار است، اهميت دوچنداني پيدا كرده است. مناطق مرزي به عنوان يكي از مناطق ويژه در سياستگذاري و برنامه‌ريزي جايگاه خاصي دارد. اين مقاله به تحليل فضايي تاب‌آوري محيطي در شهرستان زهك پرداخته و هدف آن بررسي تفاوت تاب‌آوري در پهنه‌هاي مختلف شهرستان است. به دليل وابستگي معيشت ساكنان شهرستان به منابع طبيعي، با تهديد اين منابع، در معرض آسيب قرار دارند. پژوهش از لحاظ هدف كاربردي، و ريكرد كلي حاكم بر مطالعه، تلفيقي و از لحاظ روش، توصيفي– تحليلي است. دادهها با استفاده از روش اسنادي و ميداني با ابزار مشاهده و پرسشنامه و يافته‌هاي پنل تخصصي گردآوري شده است. جامعه آماري اين تحقيق روستاهاي بالاي 20 خانوار شهرستان زهك است كه داراي دهياري يا شوراي اسلامي روستا بوده است. نتايج نشان مي‌دهد هيچ يك از پهنه‌هاي جغرافيايي تعريف شده در سطح دهستان پايدار نبوده و سه دهستان نيمه پايدار و يك دهستان ناپايدار هستند. ارزيابي پايداري در ريزپهنه‌ها نيز نشان مي‌دهد روستاهاي ناپايدار طبيعي اغلب جمعيت كمي داشته و اين به معني آن است كه فعاليت نيز توسعه پيدا نكرده است. بدين ترتيب لازم است در مناطق ويژه‌اي همچون شهرستان زهك مديريت بحران بايستي بر تامين منابع طبيعي و جلوگيري از آسيب‌پذيري از بحران‌هاي طبيعي متمركز شده و انتظار مي‌رود با پايداري طبيعي، سكونت و فعاليت نيز پايدار خواهد شد.
چكيده لاتين :
problem statement
Occurrence of natural disasters such as drought, floods and earthquakes in geographical areas, especially in rural areas, often have devastating effects. Hence, resilience has become doubly important, especially in special areas that are of special importance and sensitivity. On the other hand, border areas have a special place in policy-making and planning is important in this areas. One of these areas is Zahak county in Sistan and Balochestan province, which due to the instability and reduction of the inflow of river water resources, as well as climatic conditions and drought in combination with other factors, the traditional employment opportunities of the often rural population face serious challenges and therefore the county5b is deprived. Increasingly, the sustainability of livelihoods is facing problems. The question is, how do the spatial zones and the villages located in these zones react to the change of internal and external natural factors? Which areas and villages are more resilient?
Method of research
This article deals with the spatial analysis of environmental resilience in Zahak county and its purpose is to investigate the differences in resilience in different areas of the county. The general approach to the study is integrated and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. Data were collected using documentary and field methods with observation tools and questionnaires and findings of a specialized panel. The statistical population of this research is the villages of more than 20 households in Zahak city that have had governor of a rural district or village council.
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Description and interpretation of results
The villages of Zahak county are threatened by the threat of these resources due to their dependence on natural resources. The results show that none of the defined geographical areas in the rural area is sustainable and three rural areas are semi-sustainable and one rural is unstable. Assessment of sustainability in micro zones also shows that naturally unstable villages are often sparsely populated, which means that activity has not developed either. After qualitative and quantitative evaluation of various natural and environmental indicators in the county and their impact on the resilience of places and settlements in the county, settlements and places in terms of resilience were classified into three levels of high, medium and low resilience. In total, 46.7% of settlements and places are at high level of resilience, 37% at medium level and 16.3% at low level of resilience. After matching the settlements and places with the geographical area of the village, three of the four geographical areas are in transition and one is unstable. This study shows that the resilience of individual villages cannot perform well when it is located in areas surrounded by villages with low resilience and the whole area becomes unstable. Thus, in special areas such as Zahak county, crisis management should focus on providing natural resources and preventing vulnerability to natural crises, and it is expected that with natural stability, housing and activity will be sustainable.
