ارائه چارچوبي براي تبيين پيشايندهاي ورود موفق كارآفرينان به حوزه بوم‌گردي

Provide a Framework to Explain the Preconditions for the Successful Entry of Entrepreneurs into the Field of Ecotourism

امروزه بوم‌گردي به‌ عنوان زيرمجموعه‌‌ گردشگري، علاوه بر كمك به توسعه پايدار، مزيت‌هايي همچون انتقال و آشنايي با آداب‌ورسوم بومي و منطقه‌اي نيز به دنبال دارد. ازاين‌رو، هدف پژوهش حاضر ارائه چارچوبي براي تبيين پيشايندهاي ورود موفق كارآفرينان به حوزه بوم‌گردي است. رويكرد اين تحقيق كيفي، ازلحاظ هدف كاربردي و ازنظر ماهيت و روش توصيفي- تحليلي است. جامعه آماري تحقيق را خبرگان و فعالان حوزه‌هاي مرتبط با بوم‌گردي با حداقل 2 سال سابقه تشكيل مي‌دهد كه با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گيري نظري و با مصاحبه اكتشافي با 14 نفر اشباع حاصل‌شده است. در اين مطالعه از نظريه زمينه‌اي گليزري براي تجزيه‌وتحليل داده‌ها استفاده‌شده كه درنتيجه آن 30 واقعه در 4 مفهوم و 2 مقوله اصلي برچسب‌گذاري شده است. يافته‌ها نشان مي‌دهد براي ورود موفق كارآفرينان به حوزه كارآفريني بايد بين عوامل توانمندساز و ظرفيت ساز نوعي هم‌افزايي از طريق تعاملات چندگانه بين عوامل تحريك‌كننده، تسهيل‌كننده، توسعه‌دهنده و زمينه‌ساز ايجاد شود.

Introduction Today, ecotourism as a subset of tourism and contributing to sustainable development also has advantages such as transfer and familiarity with local and regional customs .This study was to provide a framework for explaining the preconditions for the successful entry of entrepreneurs into the field of ecotourism. Materials and Methods The approach of this qualitative research is in terms of applied purpose and in terms of nature and descriptive-analytical method. The study's statistical population consists of experts and activists in ecotourism with at least two years of experience, which has been obtained using the Theoretical sampling method and exploratory interviews with 14 saturated people. In this study, Glaser- grounded theory has been used to analyze the data. Discussion and Results By analyzing the data based on Glaser- grounded theory, 30 events are labeled in four concepts and two main categories. In this study, Glaser's underlying theory was used to analyze the data. Findings show that for entrepreneurs to successfully enter the field of entrepreneurship, synergy must be created between empowering and capacity-building factors through multiple interactions between motivating, facilitating, developing, and grounding factors. Conclusions Managers and policymakers should use environmental opportunities to neutralize external threats through capacity building that has an exogenous nature. Also, they seek to use strengths and eliminate weaknesses through internal tools with the empowerment that has an endogenous nature and with dynamic synergy between these two categories provide the ground for the successful entry of entrepreneurs into the field of ecotourism.