اراﺋﻪ اﻟﮕﻮي رﻫﺒﺮي ﺳﺨﺎوﺗﻤﻨﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺎﮐﯿﺪ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻌﻨﻮﯾﺖ در ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﮐﺎر در آﻣﻮزش و ﭘﺮورش

Presenting a model of generous leadership with emphasis on spirituality in the workplace in education

ﻫﺪف اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ اراﺋﻪ اﻟﮕﻮي رﻫﺒﺮي ﺳﺨﺎوﺗﻤﻨﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺎﮐﯿﺪ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻌﻨﻮﯾﺖ در ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﮐﺎر در آﻣﻮزش و ﭘـﺮورش ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻫﺪف ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي و از ﻧﻈﺮ ﺷﯿﻮه اﺟﺮاآﻣﯿﺨﺘـﻪ )ﮐﯿﻔـﯽ و ﮐﻤـﯽ( ﺑـﻮد ه اﺳـﺖ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ در ﺑﺨﺶ ﮐﯿﻔﯽ ﺧﺒﺮﮔﺎن آﺷﻨﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع و در ﺑﺨﺶ ﮐﻤـﯽ ﻣـﺪﯾﺮان، ﮐﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳـﺎن ارﺷـﺪ و ﮐﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎن آﻣﻮزش و ﭘﺮورش اﺳﺘﺎنﻫﺎي ﺷﻤﺎﻟﯽ ﮐﺸﻮر در ﺳﺎل ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻠﯽ 1397-98 ﺑﻪ ﺗﻌـﺪاد 1290 ﻧﻔـﺮ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ در ﺑﺨﺶ ﮐﯿﻔﯽ 10 ﻧﻔﺮ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻃﺒﻖ اﺻﻞ اﺷﺒﺎع ﻧﻈﺮي ﺑﺎ روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿـﺮي ﮔﻠﻮﻟـﻪ ﺑﺮﻓـﯽ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب و در ﺑﺨﺶ ﮐﻤـﯽ 300 ﻧﻔـﺮ ﺑﻮدﻧـﺪ ﮐﻬ ﻄﺒـﻖ ﻓﺮﻣـﻮل ﮐـﻮﮐﺮان ﺑـﺎ روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧـﻪ ﮔﯿـﺮي ﺧﻮﺷـﻪ اي ﭼﻨﺪﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪاي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. دادهﻫﺎ در ﺑﺨﺶ ﮐﯿﻔﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺮور ﭘﯿﺸﯿﻨﻪ و ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺧﺒﺮﮔﺎن و در ﺑﺨﺶ ﮐﻤـﯽ ﺑﺎ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺤﻘﻖﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ 53 ﮔﻮﯾﻪاي ﺟﻤﻊآوري ﮐﻪ رواﯾﯽ ﺳﺎزه آن ﺑﺎ روش ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﯽ ﺗﺎﯾﯿﺪ و ﭘﺎﯾـﺎﯾﯽ آن ﺑﺎ روش آﻟﻔﺎي ﮐﺮوﻧﺒﺎخ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ از 0/70 ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ، ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ دادهﻫﺎ از روشﻫـﺎي ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﯽ و ﻣﺪلﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎري در ﻧﺮماﻓﺰار Smart PLS اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫـﺎ ﻧﺸـﺎن داد ﮐﻪ رﻫﺒﺮي ﺳﺨﺎوﺗﻤﻨﺪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎي آﻣﻮزش ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن، ﺑﺨﺸﺎﯾﺸﮕﺮي، ارﺗﻘﺎي ﺳﺎزﻣﺎﻧﯽ، ﻋﺪاﻟﺖ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎﻧﯽ، ﻓﺮاﻫﻢﮐﺮدن ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﺷﺎد ﺳﺎزﻣﺎﻧﯽ، ﺷﺎﯾﺴﺘﻪﺳﺎﻻري در اﻧﺘﺼﺎب، ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ ﮐﺎرﮐﻨـﺎن در ﺗﺼـﻤﯿﻢ ﮔﯿـﺮي ﻫـﺎ ي ﺳﺎزﻣﺎﻧﯽ و ﺗﺸﮑﺮ و ﻗﺪرداﻧﯽ از ﻫﻤﮑﺎري ﻫﻤﮑﺎران و ﻣﻌﻨﻮﯾﺖ در ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﮐﺎر ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎي اﺣﺘﺮام ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻞ، ﺧﻮدﻧﻈﺎرﺗﯽ، رﻓﺘﺎر ﺻﺎدﻗﺎﻧﻪ، اﺧﻼق ﻧﺒﻮي، ﻧﻈﺎرت اﻟﻬﯽ واﻣﺮﺑﻪﻣﻌﺮف ﺑﻮد. ﻫﻤﭽﻨـﯿﻦ ، رﻫﺒـﺮي ﺳـﺨﺎوﺗﻤﻨﺪ و ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎي آن ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﺜﺒﺘﯽ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻌﻨﻮﯾﺖ در ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﮐﺎر داﺷﺖ )0/05

The aim of research was presenting a model of generous leadership with emphasis on spirituality in the workplace in education. The present study in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was mixed (qualitative and quantitative). The research population in the qualitative section was experts familiar with the subject and in the quantitative section was managers, senior experts and education experts of the northern provinces of country in 2018-19 year. The sample in the qualitative section was 10 people who based on principle of theoretical saturation were selected by snowball sampling method and in the quantitative section was 300 people who based on Cochran's formula were selected by multistage cluster sampling method. Data were collected in the qualitative section by reviewing the background and interviews with experts and in the quantitative section by researcher-made questionnaire of 53 items whose structural validity was confirmed by factor analysis method and its reliability was calculated by Cronbach's alpha method above 0/70. Also, for data analysis used from methods of factor analysis and structural equation modeling in Smart PLS software. Findings showed generous leadership including components of education of employee, forgiveness, organizational upgrades, organizational justice, providing a happy organizational environment, meritocracy in appointments, employee participation in organizational decisions and acknowledgments for the cooperation of coworker and spirituality in the workplace including components of mutual respect, self-control, honest behavior, prophetic morality, divine supervision and enjoining good. Also, generous leadership and its components had a positive effect on spirituality in workplace (p < 0/05).