ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ اﻫﺪاف ﭘﯿﺸﺮﻓﺖ، ادراك از ﺟّﻮ ﻣﺪرﺳﻪ وﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻠﯽ در داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان ﺗﯿﺰﻫﻮش دﺧﺘﺮ و ﭘﺴﺮ

The Comparison of Achievement Goals, Perception of the School climate and Educational performance in Gifted girls and Boys

ﻫﺪف ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ، ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ اﻫﺪاف ﭘﯿﺸﺮﻓﺖ، ادراك از ﺟّﻮ ﻣﺪرﺳـﻪ و ﻋﻤﻠﮑـﺮد ﺗﺤﺼـﯿﻠﯽ در داﻧـﺶ آﻣـﻮزان ﺗﯿﺰﻫﻮش دﺧﺘﺮ و ﭘﺴﺮ دوره دوم ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻄﻪ ﺷﻬﺮ اﻫﻮاز ﺑﻮد. اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ از ﻧﻮع ﻋﻠّﯽ- ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪاي ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷـﺪ. ﻧﻤﻮﻧـﻪ آﻣﺎري ﺷﺎﻣﻞ 300 ﻧﻔﺮ )140ﺗﯿﺰﻫﻮش ﭘﺴﺮ و 160ﺗﯿﺰﻫﻮش دﺧﺘﺮ( ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﯿـﺮي ﺗﺼـﺎدﻓﯽ ﻃﺒﻘﻪاي ﻧﺴﺒﯽ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺑﺮاي ﺟﻤﻊ آوري داده ﻫﺎ ازﺳﻪ ﭘﺮﺳﺸـﻨﺎﻣﻪ اﻫـﺪاف ﭘﯿﺸـﺮﻓﺖ ﻣﯿـﺪﮔﻠﯽ وﻫﻤﮑـﺎران )1998(، ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ادراك از ﺟّﻮ ﻣﺪرﺳﻪ ﺗﺮﯾﮑﺖ و ﻣﻮس )1973( و ﭘﺮﺳﺸـﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑـﺮد ﺗﺤﺼـﯿﻠﯽ ﻓـﺎم وﺗﯿﻠـﻮر )1999( اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ داده ﻫﺎ از روشﻫﺎي آﻣﺎري از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﺘﻐﯿـﺮي و ﺗﮏ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻧﺸﺎن داد داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان ﭘﺴﺮ در ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪ اﻫﺪاف ﺗﺒﺤﺮي و روﯾﮑﺮدي اﻫـﺪاف ﭘﯿﺸﺮﻓﺖ از داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان دﺧﺘﺮ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻨﯽ دارﻧﺪ ودراﻫﺪاف اﺟﺘﻨﺎﺑﯽ داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان دﺧﺘﺮ از داﻧﺶآﻣـﻮزان ﭘﺴـﺮ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦ ﺗﺮي داﺷﺘﻨﺪ، ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ادراك از ﺟّﻮ ﻣﺪرﺳـﻪ و ﻋﻤﻠﮑـﺮد ﺗﺤﺼـﯿﻠﯽ ﭘﺴـﺮان ﻧﺴـﺒﺖ ﺑـﻪ دﺧﺘـﺮان ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦ ﺗﺮي را ﻧﺸﺎن داد، در ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﺗﻤﺎم ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ )ﺑﻪ ﺟﺰء اﻫﺪاف اﺟﺘﻨﺎﺑﯽ( دﺧﺘﺮان ﺗﯿﺰﻫﻮش از ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺑﻬﺘﺮي ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺴﺮان ﺗﯿﺰﻫﻮش ﺑﺮ ﺧﻮردار ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. اﯾﻦ ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻫﺎ در ﺳﻄﺢ 0/05ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار ﺑﻮد.

This study aimed to compare achievement goals, perception of the school atmosphere and educational performance in gifted second-degree high school students (males and females) in Ahwaz city. This research was a causal-comparative study. The sample included 300 gifted students (140 gifted males and 160 gifted females) whom were selected by stratified random sampling. The required data were collected from three educational questionnaires of Development Goals Questionnaire (Midgely et al, 1998), Perception of School Atmosphere Questionnaire (Tricity& Mouse, 1973) and Educational Performance (Pham-Taylor, 2001). The collected data were analyzed using statistical methods such as multivariate analysis of variance and One-variable. The results of the study indicated that gifted male students had a lower average than gifted female students did in achievement goals the female students had lower average than male students did in the avoidance goals. Moreover, the perception of the school atmosphere and the school performance of male students showed lower average in comparison to the female students, as a result, all the research variables (except for avoidance goals) of gifted female students had a better performance than gifted male students. These differences were significant at the level of 0.05.