ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎ و ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎي اﺛﺮﮔﺬار ﺑﺮ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺑﯿﻦ اﻟﻤﻠﻠﯽ ﺗﻨﯿﺲ روي ﻣﯿﺰ اﯾﺮان (اﮐﺘﺸﺎف و رواﯾﯽ ﺳﻨﺠﯽ ﺑﺎ روﯾﮑﺮد آﻣﯿﺨﺘﻪ)

Indicators and Components Affecting the International Development of Table Tennis of Iran (Exploration and (validation with mixed approach

ﻫﺪف ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ و رواﯾﯽ ﺳﻨﺠﯽ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎ و ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎي اﺛﺮﮔﺬار ﺑﺮ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺑﯿﻦاﻟﻤﻠﻠﯽ ﺗﻨﯿﺲ روي ﻣﯿﺰ اﯾﺮان ﺑﻮد. ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ از ﻣﻨﻈﺮ ﭘﺎراداﯾﻢ از ﻧﻮع ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﭘﺮاﮔﻤﺎﺗﯿﺴﻢ، روﯾﮑﺮد آﻣﯿﺨﺘﻪ، ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺖ اﮐﺘﺸﺎﻓﯽ- ﻣﯿﺪاﻧﯽ، اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﮋي ﭘﺪﯾﺪارﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻧﻪ و ﭘﯿﻤﺎﯾﺸﯽ و ﺑﻪ ﻟﺤﺎظ ﻫﺪف ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي ﺑﻮد. ﺷﯿﻮه ﺟﻤﻊآوري دادهﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﻋﻤﯿﻖ و ﻧﯿﻤﻪ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ )ﺑﺨﺶ ﮐﯿﻔﯽ( و ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﻮد. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺧﺒﺮﮔﺎن ﺣﻮزه ﺗﻨﯿﺲ روي ﻣﯿﺰ ازﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻣﺮﺑﯿﺎن ﺗﯿﻢﻫﺎي ﻣﻠﯽ ﺗﻨﯿﺲ روي ﻣﯿﺰ اﯾﺮان، ﻣﺪﯾﺮان ارﺷﺪ در وزارت ورزش و ﺟﻮاﻧﺎن و ﻓﺪراﺳﯿﻮن ﺗﻨﯿﺲ روي ﻣﯿﺰ، اﻋﻀﺎء ﻫﯿﺌﺖﻋﻠﻤﯽ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ 16 ﻧﻔﺮ از آﻧﺎن ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﻪ ﺷﯿﻮه ﻏﯿﺮ اﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﯽ، ﻫﺪﻓﻤﻨﺪ و ﮔﻠﻮﻟﻪ ﺑﺮﻓﯽ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ ﻫﻢ ﭼﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﺎزﯾﮑﻨﺎن، داوران و ﻣﺮﺑﯿﺎن ﻟﯿﮓﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺗﻨﯿﺲ روي ﻣﯿﺰ، ﻫﯿﺌﺖ ﻫﺎي ﺗﻨﯿﺲ روي ﻣﯿﺰ، ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن و ﮐﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎن وزارت ورزش و ﺟﻮاﻧﺎن و ﻓﺪراﺳﯿﻮن ﺗﻨﯿﺲ روي ﻣﯿﺰ اﯾﺮان ،اﻋﻀﺎء ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ را در ﺑﺨﺶ ﮐﻤﯽ ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ دادﻧﺪ. 226 ﮐﺪ اوﻟﯿﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ 13 ﻣﻘﻮﻟﻪ اﺻﻠﯽ و 37 ﻣﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﻣﺤﻮري در ﺧﺼﻮص ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ اﺛﺮﮔﺬار ﺑﺮ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺑﯿﻦاﻟﻤﻠﻠﯽ ﺗﻨﯿﺲ روي ﻣﯿﺰ اﯾﺮان اﺣﺼﺎء ﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻓﺮاواﻧﯽ اﯾﻦ ﮐﺪﻫﺎ درﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ 460 ﺑﻮد. ﺿﺮﯾﺐ ﭘﺎﯾﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺎزﮐﺪﯾﻨﮓ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﮐﯿﻔﯽ 0/84 ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﺪ. رواﯾﯽ ﻇﺎﻫﺮي و ﻣﺤﺘﻮي در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻓﺮمﻫﺎي CVR و CVR ﺗﻮﺳﻂ اﺳﺎﺗﯿﺪ ﺧﺒﺮه و رواﯾﯽ ﺳﺎزه اﺑﺰار ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﭘﺲ از اﻧﺠﺎم ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﯽ اﮐﺘﺸﺎﻓﯽ ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺎﺋﯿﺪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﺑﺮازش ﻣﺪل ﺑﺎ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ SRMR ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ 0/066 ﮐﻪ ﻧﺸﺎن از ﺑﺮازش ﻣﻄﻠﻮب ﻣﺪل ﺑﻮد. ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي )0/503(، اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ )0/438(، ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ زﯾﺮﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﻫﺎ )0/43( و ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻓﻨﯽ و ﺗﺨﺼﺼﯽ )0/44(، ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ اﻧﮕﯿﺰﺷﯽ )0/373(، ﻋﺎﻣﻞ رﺳﺎﻧﻪ )0/518(، ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺖ رﺷﺘﻪ ﺗﻨﯿﺲ روي ﻣﯿﺰ )0/004(، اﺳﺘﻌﺪادﯾﺎﺑﯽ )0/497(، ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺘﯽ )530/(، دوﻟﺖ و ﺣﺎﮐﻤﯿﺖ )0/458(، ﻧﻬﺎدﻫﺎي آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ و ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ورزش ﻫﻤﮕﺎﻧﯽ )0/472( ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎ و ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎي اﺛﺮﮔﺬار ﺑﺮ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺑﯿﻦاﻟﻤﻠﻠﯽ ﺗﻨﯿﺲ روي ﻣﯿﺰ ﮐﺸﻒ و ﻣﻮرد رواﯾﯽ ﺳﻨﺠﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻫﻤﮕﯽ داراي ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ﺑﺎﻻ و ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ رو بالا با محاسبه Q2 گزارش شدند.

The purpose of this study was to identify and validate the indicators and components affecting the International Development of Table Tennis in Iran. From the paradigm perspective, the present study was a type of pragmatism, mixed approach, exploratory-field nature, phenomenological and survey strategy, and applied in terms of purpose. The data collection method was in-depth and semi-structured interviews (qualitative section) and a questionnaire. The statistical population of the study was experts from the national tennis teams of Iran, including the coaches of the national tennis teams of Iran, senior managers in the Ministry of Sports and Youth and the Tennis Federation. The coaches of the various tennis leagues, the tennis boards, the staff and experts of the Ministry of Sports and Youth and the Iranian Tennis Federation formed the sample members of the research in a small section. At first 226 initial codes including 13 main categories and 37 pivotal categories regarding the factors affecting the international development of tennis in Iran were counted, totally the number of these codes were 460. The reliability coefficient of qualitative research re-coding was calculated to be 0.84. The apparent and content validity in the form of CVR and CVR forms was approved by experts and the validity of the research questionnaire after performing the exploratory analysis process. Fit of the model with SRMR calculation equal to 0.066 which showed the optimal fit of the model. Economic factors (0.503), social factors (0.438), infrastructure development (0.43) and technical and specialized factors (0.44), motivational factors (0.373), media factors (0.518), the nature of tennis (0.004) ), Talent identification (0.497), managerial factors (0.530), government and governance (0.458), educational institutions and development of public sports (0.472) as indicators and components affecting the international development of tennis are discovered and validated in which all were reported to have high and medium quality upwards with Q2 calculation.