راهكارهاي آموزشي-ترويجي مديريت مصرف بهينه‌ي آب براي مقابله با خشك‌سالي در منطقه‌ي مرزي بخش درح شهرستان سربيشه استان خراسان جنوبي

Study of Educational-extension strategies for optimal water consumption management to deal with drought in the border area of Dorrh section of Sarbisheh city, South Khorasan province

ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﻮدن ﺳﻬﻢ ﻣﺼﺮف آب در ﺑﺨﺶ ﮐﺸﺎورزي، ﻟﺰوم اﺳﺘﻔﺎدهي ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ از ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ آب در اﯾﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ اﺟﺘﻨﺎبﻧﺎﭘﺬﯾﺮ اﺳﺖ؛ ﻟﺬا ﻫﺪف از اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ، ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ راﻫﮑﺎرﻫﺎي آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ-ﺗﺮوﯾﺠﯽ ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﻣﺼﺮف ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ ي آب ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺧﺸﮏ ﺳﺎﻟﯽ در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪي ﻣﺮزي درح ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﺳﺮﺑﯿﺸﻪ در ﺳﺎل زراﻋﯽ 1398-1399 ﺑﻮده و ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ي آﻣﺎري ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ، ﮐﺸﺎورزان ﻓﻌﺎل و ﭘﯿﺸﺮو ﺑﺨﺶ درح ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﺳﺮﺑﯿﺸﻪ اﺳﺖ. در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ از آﻣﺎر ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ وﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﭼﻬﺎر ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ اﺻﻠﯽ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﻣﺼﺮف ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ ي آب از ﻣﺪلﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎري اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻣﻘﺪار ﺑﺎر ﻋﺎﻣﻠﯽ اﺛﺮ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﻣﺼﺮف ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪي آب ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ در ﺑﯿﻦ اﯾﻦ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎ، ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﺗﺮوﯾﺞ در زﻣﯿﻨﻪي ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﻣﺼﺮف ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪي آب ﺑﺎ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ 3/96، ﺑﯿﺶﺗﺮﯾﻦ و اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺸﯽ ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ ﮐﺸﺎورزان در زﻣﯿﻨﻪي ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﻣﺼﺮف ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪي آب ﺑﺎ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ 3/61، ﮐﻢ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻧﻘﺶ را اﯾﻔﺎ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اوﻟﻮﯾﺖﺑﻨﺪي ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ از ﻫﻤﮑﺎري ﺷﻤﺎر ﺑﯿﺶ ﺗﺮي از ﻣﺤﻘﻘﺎن، ﻣﺮوﺟﺎن و ﮐﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎن ﺗﺨﺼﺼﯽ در زﻣﯿﻨﻪ ي ﺷﯿﻮهﻫﺎي ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ آب ﮐﺸﺎورزي، ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ ﺑﯿﺶ ﺗﺮ ﮐﺸﺎورزان در ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪرﯾﺰي آب و ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺳﯿﻼب در راﺳﺘﺎي ﺳﯿﺮاب ﮐﺮدن ﺳﻔﺮهﻫﺎي زﯾﺮزﻣﯿﻨﯽ و ﺗﺪارك آب ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺼﺎرف كشاورزي و ذخيره‌ي آب سطحي خروجي از مرز مشترك با افغانستان استفاده گردد.

The Agricultural Sector has the highest share in creating the water crisis in Iran; therefore managing optimal use of water resources is inevitable. The purpose of this study is to investigate educational- extension strategies for optimal water consumption management to deal with drought in Dorroh section. This research was conducted by survey method and the data were collected using a questionnaire. The statistical population of the study was one of the progressive farmers in Doroh area. In this study, two methods of descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. In order to evaluate the effect of the four main components of the questionnaire on optimal water consumption management, structural equations modeling was used. Examination of the factor loading effect of the components of the questionnaire on optimal consumption management showed that among these components, the extension component in the field of optimal water consumption management with an average of 3.96 and the effectiveness of farmers' participation in the field of optimal water consumption management with an average of 3.61 Plays the least role. By prioritizing the research items by farmers, it is suggested that more researchers, promoters and experts in the field of agricultural water management methods cooperate, more farmers participate in water planning and flood management in order to irrigate the table. Groundwater and water supply to be used for agriculture and surface water storage from the common border with Afghanistan