برنامه درسي روش تحقيق در دوره تحصيلات تكميلي: واكاوي رويكردهاي دانشگاه هاي برتر جهان به طراحي، اجرا و ارزيابي

Research Methods Curriculum in Graduate Program: An Investigation of the World’s Top Universities Approaches to Design, Implementation and Evaluation

ﻫﺪف از اﺟﺮاي اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ درﺳﯽ روش ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ در دوره ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻼت ﺗﮑﻤﯿﻠﯽ رﺷﺘﻪ ﻋﻠﻮم ﺗﺮﺑﯿﺘﯽ در داﻧﺸﮕﺎهﻫﺎي ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﺟﻬﺎن اﺳﺖ. در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي ﻫﺪﻓﻤﻨﺪ 13 ﻃﺮحدرس روش ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ از 10 داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺑﺮﺗﺮ ﺟﻬﺎن در رﺷﺘﻪ ﻋﻠﻮم ﺗﺮﺑﯿﺘﯽ، اﻧﺘﺨﺎب و ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ درﺳﯽ روش ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ، ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺷﺪ. روﯾﮑﺮد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ، ﮐﯿﻔﯽ و ﺑﻪ روش اﺳﻨﺎدي اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن داد داﻧﺸﮕﺎهﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﺘﺨﺐ از آﻣﻮزش روش ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ، ﻫﺪفﻫﺎﯾﯽ از ﻗﺒﯿﻞ آﺷﻨﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺎ اﻧﻮاع روشﻫﺎ در ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ، ﺗﻘﻮﯾﺖ ﺷﺎﯾﺴﺘﮕﯽﻫﺎي روﯾﻪاي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، درك ﻣﺒﺎﻧﯽ ﻓﻠﺴﻔﯽ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، اﯾﺠﺎد آﻣﺎدﮔﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪرﯾﺰي و اﺟﺮاي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ و ﻧﻘﺪ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮ ﺷﺪه را دﻧﺒﺎل ﻣﯽﮐﻨﻨﺪ. در ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ روش ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﮐﻤﯽ، ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، اﻧﻮاع روشﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﮐﻤﯽ، اﺑﺰار اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮي و ﮔﺮدآوري و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ دادهﻫﺎ و در ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ روش ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﮐﯿﻔﯽ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ دادهﻫﺎي ﮐﯿﻔﯽ و اﻧﻮاع روشﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﮐﯿﻔﯽ از اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮي ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. در ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻣﺸﺘﺮك ﺑﯿﻦ ﻫﺮ دو روﯾﮑﺮد، اﺧﻼق ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ و ﻣﺒﺎﻧﯽ ﻓﻠﺴﻔﯽ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ از اﻫﻤﯿﺖ وﯾﮋهاي ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. راﯾﺞﺗﺮﯾﻦ روش ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺪرﯾﺲ روش ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ، روش ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪﻣﺤﻮر اﺳﺖ و ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﯾﺎدﮔﯿﺮي ﺗﺪوﯾﻦ ﭘﺮوﭘﻮزال ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﯽ در ﻃﻮل ﺗﺮم اﺳﺖ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻼك ارزﺷﯿﺎﺑﯽ در داﻧﺸﮕﺎهﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﺘﺨﺐ، ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ﭘﺮوﭘﻮزال ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﯽ ﺗﻬﯿﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ.

Research methods are an essential ingredient of postgraduate programs across a wide range of social science disciplines. Research methods are often taught to help students do research projects and complete their theses/dissertations. Providing a quality, relevant research methods for higher education students is a concern to education professionals all around the world. This study aimed at studying the components of research methods curriculum in graduate programs in education at the world’s top universities. The research followed a qualitative approach whereby a documentary method was conducted using content analysis technique. Based on purposeful, intensity sampling method, 13 research methods syllabus were selected from 10 top universities of the world in the field of education and were analysed to determine curriculum goals, content, teaching method, learning activities and assessment method. The universities’ pursued curriculum goals include for students to develop an understanding of various methods in educational research and ability to evaluate each method, understand the research process, understand the philosophical foundations of research, develop the ability to plan and conduct research and criticize published research reports. Identification of research problem and questions, types of quantitative research methods, measuring tools and data collection and analysis are the most common topics covered in the quantitative research methods curricula, while the analysis of qualitative data and the types of qualitative research methods are stressed in the qualitative research methods curricula. Philosophical and theoretical foundation of research and research ethics are addressed in both types of curricula. The most common method for teaching research methods is problem-based and project-based methods, and the most important learning activity is to develop a research proposal during the course. The top universities of the world use different methods to assess learning. The most important measure of assessment is the quality of the proposed research proposal