تاملي بر مباني انسان شناختي «ارزيابي كيفيت» در آموزش عالي ايران و سنجش سازواري آن با انسان شناسي اسلامي

Reflection on the Anthropological Foundations of Quality Assessment in the Iranian Higher Education and its Compatibility with Islamic Anthropology

ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺳﻨﺠﺶ ﺳﺎزواري ﻣﺒﺎﻧﯽ اﻧﺴﺎنﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ در آﻣﻮزش ﻋﺎﻟﯽ اﯾﺮان ﺑﺎ اﻧﺴﺎنﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ اﺳﻼﻣﯽ و ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روشﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻣﯽ، ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﮐﯿﻔﯽ ﻣﺤﺘﻮا و اﺳﺘﻨﺘﺎﺟﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮ اﯾﻦ اﺳﺎس، در اﺑﺘﺪا ﭘﺲ از ﺑﯿﺎن ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺎه ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ در ﻓﻠﺴﻔﻪ ﺑﺎزارﻣﺤﻮر ﻧﻮﻟﯿﺒﺮاﻟﯿﺴﻢ، ﻣﺒﺎﻧﯽ اﻧﺴﺎنﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ اﯾﻦ ﻓﻠﺴﻔﻪ ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن از آن دارد ﮐﻪ ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ و اﺻﻼﺣﺎت ﺑﺎزارﻣﺤﻮر در ﻫﻢ ﺗﻨﯿﺪه در آن، در ﺳﺎﺣﺖ اﻧﺴﺎنﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ ﻣﺘﮑﯽ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻣﯽ ﺗﺤﻮل ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ از اﻧﺴﺎن اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي در ﺑﻄﻦ ﺗﻔﮑﺮ ﻓﻠﺴﻔﯽ ﻧﻮﻟﯿﺒﺮاﻟﯿﺴﻢ اﺳﺖ. اﯾﻦ اﺻﻼﺣﺎت ﺑﺎزارﻣﺤﻮر، در ﺳﺎﺣﺖ ﻧﻈﺮي و ﻋﻤﻠﯽ ﻣﺘﮑﯽ ﺑﺮ اﺻﻮﻟﯽ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ رﻗﺎﺑﺖ، ﺧﻮدﻣﺤﻮري، ﺑﯿﺸﯿﻨﻪﺧﻮاﻫﯽ و ﺧﺮد اﺑﺰاري ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ اﺻﻮل اﻧﺴﺎنﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ اﺳﻼﻣﯽ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺣﻔﻆ و ارﺗﻘﺎي ﻓﺮدﯾﺖ، ﺗﮑﯿﻪ ﺑﺮ ﻓﻄﺮت اﻟﻬﯽ، ﮐﺮاﻣﺖ اﻧﺴﺎن، ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ از آزادي و اﺻﻞ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﯿﺖ اﻧﺴﺎن ﺗﻨﺎﻗﺾﻫﺎي ﺟﺪي دارﻧﺪ.

The purpose of this paper was to assess the anthropological foundations of 'quality assessment' in Iranian higher education and its compatibility with Islamic anthropology. For this purpose, the conceptual analysis and documentary analysis methods were used. Thus at first, the basis of quality assessment in the philosophy of neoliberalism has been examined, then this anthropological foundations of have been criticized. Within neoliberalism, two anthropological viewpoints can be distinguished as the bases of market-oriented reforms: 'homo economicus' and 'homo legalis'. These two perspectives have a great impact on market-based reforms and quality assessment. In the following, the market-based quality assessment in the supporting documents of the Iranian higher education has been extracted and analyzed. Comparison of the anthropological foundations of marketbased quality assessment and Islamic anthropology (in this study Human Agency Theory theory) reveals serious contradictions.